This Article
Right arrow Full Text (PDF)
Right arrow Alert me when this article is cited
Right arrow Alert me if a correction is posted
Right arrow Citation Map
Services
Right arrow E-mail this article to a friend
Right arrow Similar articles in this journal
Right arrow Similar articles in PubMed
Right arrow Alert me to new issues of the journal
Right arrow Download to citation manager
Right arrowReprints and Permissions
Right arrow Copyright Information
Right arrow Books from ASM Press
Right arrow MicrobeWorld
Citing Articles
Right arrow Citing Articles via HighWire
Right arrow Citing Articles via Google Scholar
Google Scholar
Right arrow Articles by Rozalski, A.
Right arrow Articles by Kotelko, K.
Right arrow Search for Related Content
PubMed
Right arrow PubMed Citation
Right arrow Articles by Rozalski, A.
Right arrow Articles by Kotelko, K.

 Previous Article  |  Next Article 

Microbiol. Mol. Biol. Rev., Mar 1997, 65-89, Vol 61, No. 1
Copyright © 1997, American Society for Microbiology

Potential virulence factors of Proteus bacilli

A Rozalski, Z Sidorczyk and K Kotelko
Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Lodz, Poland. rozala@biol.uni.lodz.pl

The object of this review is the genus Proteus, which contains bacteria considered now to belong to the opportunistic pathogens. Widely distributed in nature (in soil, water, and sewage), Proteus species play a significant ecological role. When present in the niches of higher macroorganisms, these species are able to evoke pathological events in different regions of the human body. The invaders (Proteus mirabilis, P. vulgaris, and P. penneri) have numerous factors including fimbriae, flagella, outer membrane proteins, lipopolysaccharide, capsule antigen, urease, immunoglobulin A proteases, hemolysins, amino acid deaminases, and, finally, the most characteristic attribute of Proteus, swarming growth, enabling them to colonize and survive in higher organisms. All these features and factors are described and commented on in detail. The questions important for future investigation of these facultatively pathogenic microorganisms are also discussed.


This article has been cited by other articles:

  • Jacobsen, S. M., Stickler, D. J., Mobley, H. L. T., Shirtliff, M. E. (2008). Complicated Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infections Due to Escherichia coli and Proteus mirabilis. Clin. Microbiol. Rev. 21: 26-59 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Lima, A., Zunino, P., D'Alessandro, B., Piccini, C. (2007). An iron-regulated outer-membrane protein of Proteus mirabilis is a haem receptor that plays an important role in urinary tract infection and in in vivo growth. J Med Microbiol 56: 1600-1607 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Saito, R., Sato, K., Kumita, W., Inami, N., Nishiyama, H., Okamura, N., Moriya, K., Koike, K. (2006). Role of type II topoisomerase mutations and AcrAB efflux pump in fluoroquinolone-resistant clinical isolates of Proteus mirabilis. J Antimicrob Chemother 58: 673-677 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Sosa, V., Schlapp, G., Zunino, P. (2006). Proteus mirabilis isolates of different origins do not show correlation with virulence attributes and can colonize the urinary tract of mice. Microbiology 152: 2149-2157 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Nordahl, E. A., Rydengard, V., Morgelin, M., Schmidtchen, A. (2005). Domain 5 of High Molecular Weight Kininogen Is Antibacterial. J. Biol. Chem. 280: 34832-34839 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Nagano, N., Shibata, N., Saitou, Y., Nagano, Y., Arakawa, Y. (2003). Nosocomial Outbreak of Infections by Proteus mirabilis That Produces Extended-Spectrum CTX-M-2 Type {beta}-Lactamase. J. Clin. Microbiol. 41: 5530-5536 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Zunino, P., Sosa, V., Allen, A. G., Preston, A., Schlapp, G., Maskell, D. J. (2003). Proteus mirabilis fimbriae (PMF) are important for both bladder and kidney colonization in mice. Microbiology 149: 3231-3237 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Almogren, A., Senior, B. W., Loomes, L. M., Kerr, M. A. (2003). Structural and Functional Consequences of Cleavage of Human Secretory and Human Serum Immunoglobulin A1 by Proteinases from Proteusmirabilis and Neisseriameningitidis. Infect. Immun. 71: 3349-3356 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Torzewska, A., Staczek, P., Rozalski, A. (2003). Crystallization of urine mineral components may depend on the chemical nature of Proteus endotoxin polysaccharides. J Med Microbiol 52: 471-477 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Cieslikowski, T., Gradecka, D., Mielczarek, M., Kaca, W. (2003). Tandem Tetramer-Based Microsatellite Fingerprinting for Typing of Proteus mirabilis Strains. J. Clin. Microbiol. 41: 1673-1680 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • McGEE, D. J., COKER, C., TESTERMAN, T. L., HARRO, J. M., GIBSON, S. V., MOBLEY, H. L. T. (2002). The Helicobacter pylori flbA flagellar biosynthesis and regulatory gene is required for motility and virulence and modulates urease of H. pylori and Proteus mirabilis. J Med Microbiol 51: 958-970 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Weigel, L. M., Anderson, G. J., Tenover, F. C. (2002). DNA Gyrase and Topoisomerase IV Mutations Associated with Fluoroquinolone Resistance in Proteus mirabilis. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 46: 2582-2587 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Fraser, G. M., Claret, L., Furness, R., Gupta, S., Hughes, C. (2002). Swarming-coupled expression of the Proteus mirabilis hpmBA haemolysin operon. Microbiology 148: 2191-2201 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Pagani, L., Migliavacca, R., Pallecchi, L., Matti, C., Giacobone, E., Amicosante, G., Romero, E., Rossolini, G. M. (2002). Emerging Extended-Spectrum {beta}-Lactamases in Proteus mirabilis. J. Clin. Microbiol. 40: 1549-1552 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Liassine, N., Madec, S., Ninet, B., Metral, C., Fouchereau-Peron, M., Labia, R., Auckenthaler, R. (2002). Postneurosurgical Meningitis Due to Proteus penneri with Selection of a Ceftriaxone-Resistant Isolate: Analysis of Chromosomal Class A {beta}-Lactamase HugA and its LysR-Type Regulatory Protein HugR. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 46: 216-219 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • LIAW, S.-J., LAI, H.-C., HO, S.-W., LUH, K.-T., WANG, W.-B. (2001). Characterisation of p-nitrophenylglycerol-resistant Proteus mirabilis super-swarming mutants. J Med Microbiol 50: 1039-1048 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • LIAW, S.-J., LAI, H.-C., HO, S.-W., LUH, K.-T., WANG, W.-B. (2000). Inhibition of virulence factor expression and swarming differentiation in Proteus mirabilis by p-nitrophenylglycerol. J Med Microbiol 49: 725-731 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Kaca, W., Literacka, E., Sjoholm, A. G., Weintraub, A. (2000). Complement activation by Proteus mirabilis negatively charged lipopolysaccharides. Innate Immunity 6: 223-234 [Abstract]  
  • de Champs, C., Bonnet, R., Sirot, D., Chanal, C., Sirot, J. (2000). Clinical relevance of Proteus mirabilis in hospital patients: a two year survey. J Antimicrob Chemother 45: 537-539 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • SWIERZKO, A. S., KIRIKAE, T., KIRIKAE, F., HIRATA, M., CEDZYNSKI, M., ZIOLKOWSKI, A., HIRAI, Y., KUSUMOTO, S., YOKOCHI, T., NAKANO, M. (2000). Biological activities of lipopolysaccharides of Proteus spp. and their interactions with polymyxin B and an 18-kDa cationic antimicrobial protein (CAP18)-derived peptide. J Med Microbiol 49: 127-138 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Bonnet, R., De Champs, C., Sirot, D., Chanal, C., Labia, R., Sirot, J. (1999). Diversity of TEM Mutants in Proteus mirabilis. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 43: 2671-2677 [Abstract] [Full Text]  


Copyright © 2010 by the American Society for Microbiology.   For an alternate route to Journals.ASM.org, visit: http://intl-journals.asm.org | More Info»