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Microbiol Mol Biol Rev, June 1998, p. 504-544, Vol. 62, No. 2
1092-2172/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Biology of Moderately Halophilic Aerobic Bacteria

Antonio Ventosa,1 * Joaquín J. Nieto,1 and Aharon Oren2

Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, 41012 Seville, Spain,1 and Division of Microbial and Molecular Ecology, Institute of Life Sciences, and the Moshe Shilo Minerva Center for Marine Biogeochemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 91904 Jerusalem, Israel2

The moderately halophilic heterotrophic aerobic bacteria form a diverse group of microorganisms. The property of halophilism is widespread within the bacterial domain. Bacterial halophiles are abundant in environments such as salt lakes, saline soils, and salted food products. Most species keep their intracellular ionic concentrations at low levels while synthesizing or accumulating organic solutes to provide osmotic equilibrium of the cytoplasm with the surrounding medium. Complex mechanisms of adjustment of the intracellular environments and the properties of the cytoplasmic membrane enable rapid adaptation to changes in the salt concentration of the environment. Approaches to the study of genetic processes have recently been developed for several moderate halophiles, opening the way toward an understanding of haloadaptation at the molecular level. The new information obtained is also expected to contribute to the development of novel biotechnological uses for these organisms.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, 41012 Seville, Spain. Phone: 34-5-455 6765. Fax: 34-5-462 8162. E-mail: ventosa{at}cica.es.

Microbiol Mol Biol Rev, June 1998, p. 504-544, Vol. 62, No. 2
1092-2172/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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