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Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews, September 2000, p. 548-572, Vol. 64, No. 3
1092-2172/00/$04.00+0
Copyright © 2000, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Resistance of Bacillus Endospores to Extreme Terrestrial and Extraterrestrial Environments

Wayne L. Nicholson,1,* Nobuo Munakata,2 Gerda Horneck,3 Henry J. Melosh,4 and Peter Setlow5

Department of Veterinary Science and Microbiology1 and Lunar and Planetary Laboratory,4 University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721; Radiobiology Division, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan 104-00452; Radiobiology Section, DLR, Institute of Aerospace Medicine, Cologne, Germany3; and Department of Biochemistry, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut 060325

Endospores of Bacillus spp., especially Bacillus subtilis, have served as experimental models for exploring the molecular mechanisms underlying the incredible longevity of spores and their resistance to environmental insults. In this review we summarize the molecular laboratory model of spore resistance mechanisms and attempt to use the model as a basis for exploration of the resistance of spores to environmental extremes both on Earth and during postulated interplanetary transfer through space as a result of natural impact processes.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Veterinary Science and Microbiology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721. Phone: (520) 621-2157. Fax: (520) 621-6366. E-mail: wln{at}u.arizona.edu.

Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews, September 2000, p. 548-572, Vol. 64, No. 3
1092-2172/00/$04.00+0
Copyright © 2000, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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