Next Article 
Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews, March 2004, p. 1-108, Vol. 68, No. 1
1092-2172/04/$08.00+0 DOI: 10.1128/MMBR.68.1.1-108.2004
Copyright © 2004, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.
Lessons from the Genome Sequence of Neurospora crassa: Tracing the Path from Genomic Blueprint to Multicellular Organism
Katherine A. Borkovich,1* Lisa A. Alex,2 Oded Yarden,3 Michael Freitag,4 Gloria E. Turner,5 Nick D. Read,6 Stephan Seiler,7 Deborah Bell-Pedersen,8 John Paietta,9 Nora Plesofsky,10 Michael Plamann,11 Marta Goodrich-Tanrikulu,12 Ulrich Schulte,13 Gertrud Mannhaupt,14 Frank E. Nargang,15 Alan Radford,16 Claude Selitrennikoff,17 James E. Galagan,18 Jay C. Dunlap,19 Jennifer J. Loros,20 David Catcheside,21 Hirokazu Inoue,22 Rodolfo Aramayo,8 Michael Polymenis,23 Eric U. Selker,4 Matthew S. Sachs,24 George A. Marzluf,25 Ian Paulsen,26 Rowland Davis,27 Daniel J. Ebbole,28 Alex Zelter,6 Eric R. Kalkman,6 Rebecca O'Rourke,29 Frederick Bowring,21 Jane Yeadon,21 Chizu Ishii,22 Keiichiro Suzuki,22 Wataru Sakai,22 and Robert Pratt8
Department of Plant Pathology, University of California, Riverside, California 92521,1
Department of Chemistry, California State Polytechnic University, Pomona, California 91768,2
Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Quality Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel,3
Institute of Molecular Biology, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon 97403,4
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095,5
Institute of Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JH,6
Department of Molecular Microbiology & Genetics, Institute of Microbiology & Genetics, Georg-August-University, D-37077 Goettingen,7
Institute of Biochemistry, Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Dusseldorf,13
Department of Biology,8
Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics,23
Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843,28
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Wright State University, Dayton, Ohio 45435,9
Department of Plant Biology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota 55108,10
School of Biological Sciences, University of MissouriKansas City, Kansas City, Missouri 64110,11
Bio-Rad Laboratories, Inc., Hercules, California 94547,12
,14
Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E9, Canada,15
,16
Department of Cell and Developmental Biology,17
Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver, Colorado 80262,29
Whitehead Institute Center for Genome Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02141,18
Department of Genetics,19
Department of Biochemistry, Dartmouth Medical School, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755,20
School of Biological Sciences, Flinders University, Adelaide 5001, Australia,21
Laboratory of Genetics, Department of Regulation Biology, Saitama University, Saitama City, Saitama 338-8570, Japan,22
Department of Environmental and Biomolecular Systems, School of Science and Engineering, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, Oregon 97006,24
Department of Biochemistry, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210,25
The Institute for Genomic Research, Rockville, Maryland 20878,26
Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697,27
We present an analysis of over 1,100 of the
10,000 predicted proteins encoded by the genome sequence of the filamentous fungus Neurospora crassa. Seven major areas of Neurospora genomics and biology are covered. First, the basic features of the genome, including the automated assembly, gene calls, and global gene analyses are summarized. The second section covers components of the centromere and kinetochore complexes, chromatin assembly and modification, and transcription and translation initiation factors. The third area discusses genome defense mechanisms, including repeat induced point mutation, quelling and meiotic silencing, and DNA repair and recombination. In the fourth section, topics relevant to metabolism and transport include extracellular digestion; membrane transporters; aspects of carbon, sulfur, nitrogen, and lipid metabolism; the mitochondrion and energy metabolism; the proteasome; and protein glycosylation, secretion, and endocytosis. Environmental sensing is the focus of the fifth section with a treatment of two-component systems; GTP-binding proteins; mitogen-activated protein, p21-activated, and germinal center kinases; calcium signaling; protein phosphatases; photobiology; circadian rhythms; and heat shock and stress responses. The sixth area of analysis is growth and development; it encompasses cell wall synthesis, proteins important for hyphal polarity, cytoskeletal components, the cyclin/cyclin-dependent kinase machinery, macroconidiation, meiosis, and the sexual cycle. The seventh section covers topics relevant to animal and plant pathogenesis and human disease. The results demonstrate that a large proportion of Neurospora genes do not have homologues in the yeasts Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Schizosaccharomyces pombe. The group of unshared genes includes potential new targets for antifungals as well as loci implicated in human and plant physiology and disease.
* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Plant Pathology, 2338 Webber Hall, 900 University Ave., University of California, Riverside, CA 92521. Phone: (909) 787-2753. Fax: (909) 787-4294. E-mail:
Katherine.Borkovich{at}ucr.edu.
Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews, March 2004, p. 1-108, Vol. 68, No. 1
1092-2172/04/$08.00+0 DOI: 10.1128/MMBR.68.1.1-108.2004
Copyright © 2004, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.
This article has been cited by other articles:
-
Maerz, S., Funakoshi, Y., Negishi, Y., Suzuki, T., Seiler, S.
(2010). The Neurospora Peptide:N-Glycanase Ortholog PNG1 Is Essential for Cell Polarity despite Its Lack of Enzymatic Activity. J. Biol. Chem.
285: 2326-2332
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
-
Hutchison, E., Brown, S., Tian, C., Glass, N. L.
(2009). Transcriptional profiling and functional analysis of heterokaryon incompatibility in Neurospora crassa reveals that reactive oxygen species, but not metacaspases, are associated with programmed cell death. Microbiology
155: 3957-3970
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
-
Seidl, V., Seibel, C., Kubicek, C. P., Schmoll, M.
(2009). Sexual development in the industrial workhorse Trichoderma reesei. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA
106: 13909-13914
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
-
Larrondo, L. F., Colot, H. V., Baker, C. L., Loros, J. J., Dunlap, J. C.
(2009). Fungal Functional Genomics: Tunable Knockout-Knock-in Expression and Tagging Strategies. Eukaryot Cell
8: 800-804
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
-
Honda, S., Selker, E. U.
(2009). Tools for Fungal Proteomics: Multifunctional Neurospora Vectors for Gene Replacement, Protein Expression and Protein Purification. Genetics
182: 11-23
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
-
Lewis, Z. A., Honda, S., Khlafallah, T. K., Jeffress, J. K., Freitag, M., Mohn, F., Schubeler, D., Selker, E. U.
(2009). Relics of repeat-induced point mutation direct heterochromatin formation in Neurospora crassa. Genome Res
19: 427-437
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
-
Sun, Q., Choi, G. H., Nuss, D. L.
(2009). Hypovirus-Responsive Transcription Factor Gene pro1 of the Chestnut Blight Fungus Cryphonectria parasitica Is Required for Female Fertility, Asexual Spore Development, and Stable Maintenance of Hypovirus Infection. Eukaryot Cell
8: 262-270
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
-
Schmoll, M., Schuster, A., Silva, R. d. N., Kubicek, C. P.
(2009). The G-Alpha Protein GNA3 of Hypocrea jecorina (Anamorph Trichoderma reesei) Regulates Cellulase Gene Expression in the Presence of Light. Eukaryot Cell
8: 410-420
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
-
Wu, C., Kim, Y.-S., Smith, K. M., Li, W., Hood, H. M., Staben, C., Selker, E. U., Sachs, M. S., Farman, M. L.
(2009). Characterization of Chromosome Ends in the Filamentous Fungus Neurospora crassa. Genetics
181: 1129-1145
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
-
Park, G., Pan, S., Borkovich, K. A.
(2008). Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Cascade Required for Regulation of Development and Secondary Metabolism in Neurospora crassa. Eukaryot Cell
7: 2113-2122
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
-
Vogt, N., Seiler, S.
(2008). The RHO1-specific GTPase-activating Protein LRG1 Regulates Polar Tip Growth in Parallel to Ndr Kinase Signaling in Neurospora. Mol. Biol. Cell
19: 4554-4569
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
-
Thompson, S., Croft, N. J., Sotiriou, A., Piggins, H. D., Crosthwaite, S. K.
(2008). Neurospora crassa heat shock factor 1 Is an Essential Gene; a Second Heat Shock Factor-Like Gene, hsf2, Is Required for Asexual Spore Formation. Eukaryot Cell
7: 1573-1581
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
-
Kasuga, T., Glass, N. L.
(2008). Dissecting Colony Development of Neurospora crassa Using mRNA Profiling and Comparative Genomics Approaches. Eukaryot Cell
7: 1549-1564
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
-
Cano-Dominguez, N., Alvarez-Delfin, K., Hansberg, W., Aguirre, J.
(2008). NADPH Oxidases NOX-1 and NOX-2 Require the Regulatory Subunit NOR-1 To Control Cell Differentiation and Growth in Neurospora crassa. Eukaryot Cell
7: 1352-1361
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
-
Ruiz-Roldan, M. C., Garre, V., Guarro, J., Marine, M., Roncero, M. I. G.
(2008). Role of the White Collar 1 Photoreceptor in Carotenogenesis, UV Resistance, Hydrophobicity, and Virulence of Fusarium oxysporum. Eukaryot Cell
7: 1227-1230
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
-
Maerz, S., Ziv, C., Vogt, N., Helmstaedt, K., Cohen, N., Gorovits, R., Yarden, O., Seiler, S.
(2008). The Nuclear Dbf2-Related Kinase COT1 and the Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases MAK1 and MAK2 Genetically Interact to Regulate Filamentous Growth, Hyphal Fusion and Sexual Development in Neurospora crassa. Genetics
179: 1313-1325
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
-
Kohli, M., Buck, S., Schmitz, H.-P.
(2008). The function of two closely related Rho proteins is determined by an atypical switch I region. J. Cell Sci.
121: 1065-1075
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
-
Hammond, T. M., Bok, J. W., Andrewski, M. D., Reyes-Dominguez, Y., Scazzocchio, C., Keller, N. P.
(2008). RNA Silencing Gene Truncation in the Filamentous Fungus Aspergillus nidulans. Eukaryot Cell
7: 339-349
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
-
Park, J., Park, B., Jung, K., Jang, S., Yu, K., Choi, J., Kong, S., Park, J., Kim, S., Kim, H., Kim, S., Kim, J. F., Blair, J. E., Lee, K., Kang, S., Lee, Y.-H.
(2008). CFGP: a web-based, comparative fungal genomics platform. Nucleic Acids Res
36: D562-D571
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
-
Friedl, M. A., Kubicek, C. P., Druzhinina, I. S.
(2008). Carbon Source Dependence and Photostimulation of Conidiation in Hypocrea atroviridis. Appl. Environ. Microbiol.
74: 245-250
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
-
Chae, M. S., Nargang, C. E., Cleary, I. A., Lin, C. C., Todd, A. T., Nargang, F. E.
(2007). Two Zinc-Cluster Transcription Factors Control Induction of Alternative Oxidase in Neurospora crassa. Genetics
177: 1997-2006
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
-
Marques, I., Dencher, N. A., Videira, A., Krause, F.
(2007). Supramolecular Organization of the Respiratory Chain in Neurospora crassa Mitochondria. Eukaryot Cell
6: 2391-2405
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
-
Vitalini, M. W., de Paula, R. M., Goldsmith, C. S., Jones, C. A., Borkovich, K. A., Bell-Pedersen, D.
(2007). Circadian rhythmicity mediated by temporal regulation of the activity of p38 MAPK. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA
104: 18223-18228
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
-
Riquelme, M., Bartnicki-Garcia, S., Gonzalez-Prieto, J. M., Sanchez-Leon, E., Verdin-Ramos, J. A., Beltran-Aguilar, A., Freitag, M.
(2007). Spitzenkorper Localization and Intracellular Traffic of Green Fluorescent Protein-Labeled CHS-3 and CHS-6 Chitin Synthases in Living Hyphae of Neurospora crassa. Eukaryot Cell
6: 1853-1864
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
-
Vargas-Perez, I., Sanchez, O., Kawasaki, L., Georgellis, D., Aguirre, J.
(2007). Response Regulators SrrA and SskA Are Central Components of a Phosphorelay System Involved in Stress Signal Transduction and Asexual Sporulation in Aspergillus nidulans. Eukaryot Cell
6: 1570-1583
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
-
Hsueh, Y.-P., Xue, C., Heitman, J.
(2007). G protein signaling governing cell fate decisions involves opposing G{alpha} subunits in Cryptococcus neoformans. Mol. Biol. Cell
18: 3237-3249
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
-
Valkonen, M., Kalkman, E. R., Saloheimo, M., Penttila, M., Read, N. D., Duncan, R. R.
(2007). Spatially Segregated SNARE Protein Interactions in Living Fungal Cells. J. Biol. Chem.
282: 22775-22785
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
-
Belden, W. J., Larrondo, L. F., Froehlich, A. C., Shi, M., Chen, C.-H., Loros, J. J., Dunlap, J. C.
(2007). The band mutation in Neurospora crassa is a dominant allele of ras-1 implicating RAS signaling in circadian output. Genes Dev.
21: 1494-1505
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
-
Choudhary, S., Lee, H.-C., Maiti, M., He, Q., Cheng, P., Liu, Q., Liu, Y.
(2007). A Double-Stranded-RNA Response Program Important for RNA Interference Efficiency. Mol. Cell. Biol.
27: 3995-4005
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
-
Jones, C. A., Greer-Phillips, S. E., Borkovich, K. A.
(2007). The Response Regulator RRG-1 Functions Upstream of a Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase Pathway Impacting Asexual Development, Female Fertility, Osmotic Stress, and Fungicide Resistance in Neurospora crassa. Mol. Biol. Cell
18: 2123-2136
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
-
Fang, W., Pei, Y., Bidochka, M. J.
(2007). A regulator of a G protein signalling (RGS) gene, cag8, from the insect-pathogenic fungus Metarhizium anisopliae is involved in conidiation, virulence and hydrophobin synthesis. Microbiology
153: 1017-1025
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
-
Satrustegui, J., Pardo, B., del Arco, A.
(2007). Mitochondrial Transporters as Novel Targets for Intracellular Calcium Signaling. Physiol. Rev.
87: 29-67
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
-
Rosales-Saavedra, T., Esquivel-Naranjo, E. U., Casas-Flores, S., Martinez-Hernandez, P., Ibarra-Laclette, E., Cortes-Penagos, C., Herrera-Estrella, A.
(2006). Novel light-regulated genes in Trichoderma atroviride: a dissection by cDNA microarrays.. Microbiology
152: 3305-3317
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
-
Grimaldi, B., Coiro, P., Filetici, P., Berge, E., Dobosy, J. R., Freitag, M., Selker, E. U., Ballario, P.
(2006). The Neurospora crassa White Collar-1 dependent Blue Light Response Requires Acetylation of Histone H3 Lysine 14 by NGF-1. Mol. Biol. Cell
17: 4576-4583
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
-
Krystofova, S., Borkovich, K. A.
(2006). The Predicted G-Protein-Coupled Receptor GPR-1 Is Required for Female Sexual Development in the Multicellular Fungus Neurospora crassa.. Eukaryot Cell
5: 1503-1516
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
-
Seiler, S., Vogt, N., Ziv, C., Gorovits, R., Yarden, O.
(2006). The STE20/Germinal Center Kinase POD6 Interacts with the NDR Kinase COT1 and Is Involved in Polar Tip Extension in Neurospora crassa. Mol. Biol. Cell
17: 4080-4092
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
-
Li, L., Borkovich, K. A.
(2006). GPR-4 Is a Predicted G-Protein-Coupled Receptor Required for Carbon Source-Dependent Asexual Growth and Development in Neurospora crassa.. Eukaryot Cell
5: 1287-1300
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
-
Colot, H. V., Park, G., Turner, G. E., Ringelberg, C., Crew, C. M., Litvinkova, L., Weiss, R. L., Borkovich, K. A., Dunlap, J. C.
(2006). A high-throughput gene knockout procedure for Neurospora reveals functions for multiple transcription factors. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA
103: 10352-10357
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
-
Goswami, R. S., Xu, J.-R., Trail, F., Hilburn, K., Kistler, H. C.
(2006). Genomic analysis of host-pathogen interaction between Fusarium graminearum and wheat during early stages of disease development. Microbiology
152: 1877-1890
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
-
Hill, T. W., Loprete, D. M., Momany, M., Ha, Y., Harsch, L. M., Livesay, J. A., Mirchandani, A., Murdock, J. J., Vaughan, M. J., Watt, M. B.
(2006). Isolation of cell wall mutants in Aspergillus nidulans by screening for hypersensitivity to Calcofluor White.. Mycologia
98: 399-409
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
-
Casas-Flores, S., Rios-Momberg, M., Rosales-Saavedra, T., Martinez-Hernandez, P., Olmedo-Monfil, V., Herrera-Estrella, A.
(2006). Cross Talk between a Fungal Blue-Light Perception System and the Cyclic AMP Signaling Pathway. Eukaryot Cell
5: 499-506
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
-
Krappmann, S., Sasse, C., Braus, G. H.
(2006). Gene Targeting in Aspergillus fumigatus by Homologous Recombination Is Facilitated in a Nonhomologous End- Joining-Deficient Genetic Background. Eukaryot Cell
5: 212-215
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
-
Froehlich, A. C., Noh, B., Vierstra, R. D., Loros, J., Dunlap, J. C.
(2005). Genetic and Molecular Analysis of Phytochromes from the Filamentous Fungus Neurospora crassa. Eukaryot Cell
4: 2140-2152
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
-
Galagan, J. E., Henn, M. R., Ma, L.-J., Cuomo, C. A., Birren, B.
(2005). Genomics of the fungal kingdom: Insights into eukaryotic biology. Genome Res
15: 1620-1631
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
-
Muller, J., Oma, Y., Vallar, L., Friederich, E., Poch, O., Winsor, B.
(2005). Sequence and Comparative Genomic Analysis of Actin-related Proteins. Mol. Biol. Cell
16: 5736-5748
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
-
Kasuga, T., Townsend, J. P., Tian, C., Gilbert, L. B., Mannhaupt, G., Taylor, J. W., Glass, N. L.
(2005). Long-oligomer microarray profiling in Neurospora crassa reveals the transcriptional program underlying biochemical and physiological events of conidial germination. Nucleic Acids Res
33: 6469-6485
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
-
Rasmussen, C. G., Glass, N. L.
(2005). A Rho-Type GTPase, rho-4, Is Required for Septation in Neurospora crassa. Eukaryot Cell
4: 1913-1925
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
-
Martin, R., Walther, A., Wendland, J.
(2005). Ras1-Induced Hyphal Development in Candida albicans Requires the Formin Bni1. Eukaryot Cell
4: 1712-1724
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
-
Adhvaryu, K. K., Morris, S. A., Strahl, B. D., Selker, E. U.
(2005). Methylation of Histone H3 Lysine 36 Is Required for Normal Development in Neurospora crassa. Eukaryot Cell
4: 1455-1464
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
-
Krappmann, S., Bayram, O., Braus, G. H.
(2005). Deletion and Allelic Exchange of the Aspergillus fumigatus veA Locus via a Novel Recyclable Marker Module. Eukaryot Cell
4: 1298-1307
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
-
Kim, H., Nelson, M. A.
(2005). Molecular and Functional Analyses of poi-2, a Novel Gene Highly Expressed in Sexual and Perithecial Tissues of Neurospora crassa. Eukaryot Cell
4: 900-910
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
-
Roca, M. G., Arlt, J., Jeffree, C. E., Read, N. D.
(2005). Cell Biology of Conidial Anastomosis Tubes in Neurospora crassa. Eukaryot Cell
4: 911-919
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
-
Chelico, L., Haughian, J. L., Woytowich, A. E., Khachatourians, G. G.
(2005). Quantification of ultraviolet-C irradiation induced cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers and their removal in Beauveria bassiana conidiospore DNA. Mycologia
97: 621-627
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
-
Harris, S. D., Read, N. D., Roberson, R. W., Shaw, B., Seiler, S., Plamann, M., Momany, M.
(2005). Polarisome Meets Spitzenkorper: Microscopy, Genetics, and Genomics Converge. Eukaryot Cell
4: 225-229
[Full Text]
-
Hammond, T. M., Keller, N. P.
(2005). RNA Silencing in Aspergillus nidulans Is Independent of RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerases. Genetics
169: 607-617
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
-
Fuchs, F., Westermann, B.
(2005). Role of Unc104/KIF1-related Motor Proteins in Mitochondrial Transport in Neurospora crassa. Mol. Biol. Cell
16: 153-161
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
-
Pratt, R. J., Lee, D. W., Aramayo, R.
(2004). DNA Methylation Affects Meiotic trans-sensing, Not Meiotic Silencing, in Neurospora. Genetics
168: 1925-1935
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
-
Casas-Flores, S., Rios-Momberg, M., Bibbins, M., Ponce-Noyola, P., Herrera-Estrella, A.
(2004). BLR-1 and BLR-2, key regulatory elements of photoconidiation and mycelial growth in Trichoderma atroviride. Microbiology
150: 3561-3569
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
-
Dunlap, J. C., Loros, J. J.
(2004). The Neurospora Circadian System. J Biol Rhythms
19: 414-424
[Abstract]
-
Stahl, F. W., Foss, H. M., Young, L. S., Borts, R. H., Abdullah, M. F. F., Copenhaver, G. P.
(2004). Does Crossover Interference Count in Saccharomyces cerevisiae?. Genetics
168: 35-48
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
-
Ninomiya, Y., Suzuki, K., Ishii, C., Inoue, H.
(2004). From The Cover: Highly efficient gene replacements in Neurospora strains deficient for nonhomologous end-joining. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA
101: 12248-12253
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
-
Spelbrink, R. G., Dilmac, N., Allen, A., Smith, T. J., Shah, D. M., Hockerman, G. H.
(2004). Differential Antifungal and Calcium Channel-Blocking Activity among Structurally Related Plant Defensins. Plant Physiol.
135: 2055-2067
[Abstract]
[Full Text]