Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews, June 2004, p. 207-233, Vol. 68, No. 2
1092-2172/04/$08.00+0 DOI: 10.1128/MMBR.68.2.207-233.2004
Copyright © 2004, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.
Proteomics of Protein Secretion by Bacillus subtilis: Separating the "Secrets" of the Secretome
Harold Tjalsma,1,2
Haike Antelmann,3
Jan D.H. Jongbloed,1
Peter G. Braun,4
Elise Darmon,1
Ronald Dorenbos,4
Jean-Yves F. Dubois,4,5
Helga Westers,4
Geeske Zanen,4
Wim J. Quax,4
Oscar P. Kuipers,1
Sierd Bron,1*
Michael Hecker,3 and
Jan Maarten van Dijl4,5
Department
of Genetics, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology
Institute, 9751 NN Haren,1
Department of
Clinical Chemistry/564, University Medical Centre Nijmegen, 6500 HB
Nijmegen,2
Department of
Pharmaceutical Biology, University of Groningen, 9713 AV
Groningen,4
Department of Molecular
Bacteriology, University of Groningen, 9700 RB
Groningen, The Netherlands,5
Institut für
Mikrobiologie und Molekularbiologie,
Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-Universiät Greifswald, D-17487 Greifswald,
Germany3
Secretory proteins perform a variety of important
"remote-control" functions for bacterial survival in
the environment. The availability of complete genome sequences has
allowed us to make predictions about the composition of bacterial
machinery for protein secretion as well as the extracellular complement
of bacterial proteomes. Recently, the power of proteomics was
successfully employed to evaluate genome-based models of these
so-called secretomes. Progress in this field is well illustrated by the
proteomic analysis of protein secretion by the gram-positive bacterium
Bacillus subtilis, for which
90 extracellular
proteins were identified. Analysis of these proteins disclosed various
"secrets of the secretome," such as the residence of
cytoplasmic and predicted cell envelope proteins in the extracellular
proteome. This showed that genome-based predictions reflect only
50% of the actual composition of the extracellular
proteome of B. subtilis. Importantly, proteomics allowed the
first verification of the impact of individual secretion machinery
components on the total flow of proteins from the cytoplasm to the
extracellular environment. In conclusion, proteomics has yielded a
variety of novel leads for the analysis of protein traffic in B.
subtilis and other gram-positive bacteria. Ultimately, such leads
will serve to increase our understanding of virulence factor biogenesis
in gram-positive pathogens, which is likely to be of high medical
relevance.
* Corresponding
author. Mailing address: Department of Genetics, Groningen Biomolecular
Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, Kerklaan 30, 9751 NN Haren, The
Netherlands. Phone: 31-50-3638037. Fax: 31-50-3632348. E-mail:
S.Bron{at}biol.rug.nl.
Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews, June 2004, p. 207-233, Vol. 68, No. 2
1092-2172/04/$08.00+0 DOI: 10.1128/MMBR.68.2.207-233.2004
Copyright © 2004, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.
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Copyright © 2004 by the American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.