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Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews, September 2007, p. 463-476, Vol. 71, No. 3
1092-2172/07/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/MMBR.00001-07
Copyright © 2007, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Distribution and Physiology of ABC-Type Transporters Contributing to Multidrug Resistance in Bacteria

Jacek Lubelski,1,{dagger} Wil N. Konings,1 and Arnold J. M. Driessen1,2*

Department of Molecular Microbiology, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute,1 Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, 9751 NN Haren, The Netherlands2

Summary: Membrane proteins responsible for the active efflux of structurally and functionally unrelated drugs were first characterized in higher eukaryotes. To date, a vast number of transporters contributing to multidrug resistance (MDR transporters) have been reported for a large variety of organisms. Predictions about the functions of genes in the growing number of sequenced genomes indicate that MDR transporters are ubiquitous in nature. The majority of described MDR transporters in bacteria use ion motive force, while only a few systems have been shown to rely on ATP hydrolysis. However, recent reports on MDR proteins from gram-positive organisms, as well as genome analysis, indicate that the role of ABC-type MDR transporters in bacterial drug resistance might be underestimated. Detailed structural and mechanistic analyses of these proteins can help to understand their molecular mode of action and may eventually lead to the development of new strategies to counteract their actions, thereby increasing the effectiveness of drug-based therapies. This review focuses on recent advances in the analysis of ABC-type MDR transporters in bacteria.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Molecular Microbiology, University of Groningen, Kerklaan 30, NL-9751 NN Haren, The Netherlands. Phone: 31-50-3632150. Fax: 31-50-3632154. E-mail: a.j.m.driessen{at}rug.nl

{dagger} Present address: Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Groningen, Kerklaan 30, NL-9751 NN Haren, The Netherlands.

Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews, September 2007, p. 463-476, Vol. 71, No. 3
1092-2172/07/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/MMBR.00001-07
Copyright © 2007, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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