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TABLE 1.   E. coli genes and replication- or phage-related sitesa

Gene symbol Map location (min) Mnemonic for symbol Synonyms and gene product---enzyme, RNA, or phenotype affected CGSC no.d Referencesc
aarF 86.6 Aminoglycoside acetyltransferase regulator yigQR; regulator of 2'-N-acetyltransferase; involved in respiratory cofactor ubiquinone production 53879 2696
aas 64.1 Acyl-ACP synthase 2-Acyl-glycerophosphoethanolamine acyltransferase; acyl-ACP synthetase; salvage pathway for reacylation; inner membrane; bifunctional for turnover/incorporation 29780 1831, 1972
aat 20.0 Amino acyl-tRNA-protein transferase Aminoacyl-tRNA-protein-transferase (EC 2.3.2.6) 1054 4045
abpS 63.5 Arg binding protein Low-affinity transport system for arginine and ornithine; periplasmic binding protein 18562 664
abs 94.1 Antibiotic sensitivity Sensitivity and permeability to antibiotics and dyes 18559 763
accA 4.5 Acetyl-CoA carboxylase Acetyl-CoA carboxylase alpha -carboxyltransferase subunit; (EC 6.4.1.2) 29829 2536, 2537
accB 73.4 Acetyl-CoA carboxylase fabE; acetyl-CoA carboxylase, biotin carboxyl carrier protein (EC 6.4.1.2) 796 2537, 2712, 3057, 4302, 4616
accC 73.4 Acetyl-CoA carboxylase fabG; acetyl-CoA carboxylase, biotin carboxylase (BC) subunit (EC 6.4.1.2) 29834 2315, 2537, 3253
accD 52.4 Acetyl-CoA carboxylase dedB, usg; acetyl-CoA carboxylase beta -carboxyltransferase subunit (EC 6.4.1.2) 28570 2534, 2537, 3081
acd 65.1 Acetaldehyde-CoA deHase Acetaldehyde-CoA dehydrogenase (EC 1.2.1.10) 1053 764
aceA 90.8 Acetate icl; isocitrate lyase (EC 4.1.3.1); acetate utilization 1052 2744, 2811, 3674, 754, 841
aceB 90.8 Acetate mas; malate synthase A (EC 4.1.3.2) 1051 2744, 591, 592, 840, 841
aceE 2.7 Acetate aceE1; pyruvate dehydrogenase (decarboxylase component) E1p; (EC 1.2.4.1); acetate requirement 1050 1553, 1555, 1556, 1558, 2934, 4150, 4204, 655
aceF 2.7 Acetate aceE2; pyruvate dehydrogenase (dihydrolipoyltransacetylase component) E2p (EC 1.6.4.3, EC 2.3.1.12); acetate requirement 26530 1554, 2934, 655
aceK 90.9 Acetate Isocitrate dehydrogenase kinase/phosphatase 17770 1343, 1897, 2274, 2418, 2419, 753, 842, 754
ackA 52.0 Acetate kinase Acetate kinase (EC 2.7.2.1); mutants fluoroacetate resistant 1048 1548, 2094, 2512, 2812, 530, 224
ackB 39.9 Acetate kinase Acetate kinase activity* (EC 2.7.2.1) 1047 3379
acnA 28.8 Aconitase Aconitase A (EC 4.2.1.2) 28218 3542, 3543
acnB 2.8 Aconitase Aconitase B (EC 4.2.1.2) 36955 1538, 2141, 474
acpD 31.9 Acyl carrier protein ACP phosphodiesterase 52896 1256, 394
acpP 24.8 Acyl carrier protein ACP (acyl carrier protein) 31871 2183, 3621
acpS 58.2 Acyl carrier protein dpj; holo-ACP synthase (EC 2.7.8.7) 32953 2397, 2400, 2401, 3471, 4340
acpX 43.9 Acyl carrier protein acpS; originally thought to be holo-ACP synthase; perhaps cryptic second gene or regulator 1046 3471
acrA 10.4 Acridine Mb, lir, mbl, mtcA, sipB; AcrAB efflux system effects Mar multiple resistance 1045 1291, 1726, 2684, 2685, 3282, 3563, 4723, 808
acrB 10.4 Acridine acrE; AcrAB system has major role in Mar multiple resistance to NAL, TET, AMP, etc.; beware renamings of acrE, acrB, and envC 35806 1291, 2684, 2685, 3282, 4723
acrC 4.5 Acridine Sensitivity to acriflavine; transmembrane protein 1044 3104
acrD 55.7 Acridine Sensitivity to acriflavine 35697 3188
acrE 73.5 Acridine envC; anomolous cell division; chain formation; splits cross-wall to form new poles; see acrB 813 2133, 2255, 2256, 2516, 3702
acrF 73.6 Acridine envD; encodes lipoprotein with signal peptide; osmotically remedial envelope defect 33608 2255, 2256, 2516, 2684
acrR 10.5 Acridine Regulatory protein for acrA and acrB 35809 2686
acs 92.3 Acetyl-CoA synthetase Acetyl CoA synthetase 2 (EC 6.2.1.1) 34317 2367, 395
ada 49.7 Adaptive (response) O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase, inducible; DNA repair against methylating and alkylating agents; transcription factor 1043 1184, 2001, 2158, 2410, 2489, 2698, 2760, 2967, 3078, 3094, 3795, 3812, 3815, 3957, 3958, 3959, 4330, 4385
add 36.6 Adenine deaminase Adenosine deaminase (EC 3.5.4.4.); mutants affect growth on deoxyadenosine in purA, B mutants 1042 2024, 765
adhB 19.1 Alcohol dehydrogenase Alcohol dehydrogenase 36932 E, 763a
adhC 8.1 Alcohol dehydrogenase Alcohol-acetaldehyde dehydrogenase; adhC has also been used for adhE control region 52901 2070, 394
adhE 27.9 Alcohol/acetaldehyde dehydrogenase ana; adhC; alcohol dehydrogenase, acetaldehyde dehydrogenase, CoA-linked (EC 1.1.1.1) allyl alcohol resistance; deactivase for PFL 1041 129, 1457, 2203, 2495-2497, 2634, 710, 887, 1582
adhR 72.5 Alcohol/acetaldehyde dehydrogenase Regulatory gene for acd and adhE 18556 723, 767
adiA 93.5 Arginine decarboxylase, induced adi; arginine decarboxylase, inducible by acid; homology with CadA, SpeC, SpeF 34495 1665, 4022, 4023, 4024, 4223, 4224
adiY 93.4 Arginine decarboxylase, induced Sequence similarity with XylS/AraC family, including EnvY and AppY regulates adiA 35597 4224
adk 10.7 Adenylate kinase dnaW, plsA; adenylate kinase (EC 2.7.4.3) pleiotropic effects on glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase activity 1040 1176, 1725, 541
aegA 55.6 Anaerobically expressed gene air; induced by anaerobiosis, repressed by NO3; control mediated by Fnr, NarX, Q, L; nonessential in respiration, N source utilized 50847 662
aer 69.3 Aerotaxis air; possibly flavoprotein, mediates positive aerotactic responses; signal transducer 47273 347
aes 10.7 Acetyl esterase Esterase affecting maltose system expression 53369 2114, 3393
aga 70.7 Acetylgalactosamine Cluster of putative N-acetylgalactosamine pathway genes, including the kba gene, and mannose permease homologs 55305 3649
agp 23.0 Acid glucose-1-phosphatase Homology with appA; periplasmic 31830 3521, 3524, 3525, 3526
ahpC 13.8 Alkyl hydroperoxide tpx; alkyl hydroperoxide reductase small subunit 31190 4106, 4241, 667, 668
ahpF 13.8 Alkyl hydroperoxide Alkyl hydroperoxide reductase large subunit 31194 4106, 4241, 668
aidB 95.1 Alkylating agent induced Adaptive response 18553 2408, 2409, 4602, 4603
ais 50.9 Aluminum inducible An aluminum-inducible protein 53490 1589
alaS 60.7 Alanine act, ala-act, lovB; alanyl-tRNA synthetase 1B (ligase) (EC 6.1.1.7) 1039 2132, 2317, 3556, 3557, 3558, 458, 4590
alaT 87.0 Alanine talA; alanine tRNA 1B; rrnA operon 1038 2313, 926
alaU 73.8 Alanine talD; alanine tRNA 1B; rrnD operon 1037 2313
alaV 4.8 Alanine Alanine tRNA 1B; rrnH operon 1036 1146
alaW 54.2 Alanine alaWalpha ; alanine tRNA 2; tandemly duplicated; see alaX 32851 539
alaX 54.2 Alanine alaWbeta ; alanine tRNA 2; tandemly duplicated alaW 18547 2313, 539
aldA 32.0 Aldehyde dehydrogenase ald; aldehyde dehydrogenase, NAD linked 17767 1749, 3571, 712
aldB 80.9 Aldehyde dehydrogenase Aldehyde dehydrogenase 35668 4813, 4815
aldH 29.3 Aldehyde dehydrogenase Putative aldehyde dehydrogenase, by homology; transcribed in operon with goaG 35320 1697, 2066
alkA 46.2 Alkylation aidA; 3-methyl-adenine DNA glycosylase II, inducible; repairs by single- and double-strand excision of 3-methyl adenine 1035 1184, 3093, 3095, 365, 4385, 4602, 773
alkB 49.7 Alkylation aidD; DNA repair specific for alkylated DNA; mutants extremely sensitive to MMS 18544 2157, 2158, 2316, 4602, 4689, 693
alpA 59.4 Activation of Lon protease Alp protease; cryptic prophage CP4-57 element; regulates intA (slp [suppressor of Lon]) 33086 2241, 4455
alr 91.9 Alanine racemase Alanine racemase (EC 5.1.1.1) 1034 2549, 395
alsA 92.8 Allose Allose transport ABC protein 53362 2223
alsB 92.9 Allose Allose-binding protein 53365 2223
alsC 92.8 Allose Allose transport, membrane component 53357 2223
alsE 92.8 Allose Allulose-6-P 3-epimerase 53353 2223
alsK 92.8 Allose Allose kinase 53345 2223
alx 70.0 Alkaline-induced expression pH-regulated locus; induced in alkaline medium 36513 356
amiA 55.0 Amidase N-Acetylmuramyl-L-alanine amidase activity 18541 4425
amiB 94.7 Amidase Cell wall amidase (EC 3.5.1.28?); overexpression causes lysis, osmotic hypersensitivity, autolysis 34432 4489, 4490
amn 44.3 AMP nucleosidase AMP nucleosidase (EC 3.2.2.4) 17764 2503, 2504
ampC 94.3 Ampicillin ampA; beta -lactamase; penicillin resistance; affects peptidoglycan synthesis; cell morphology 1033 1116, 1117, 1167, 1540, 1541, 1713, 1993-1995, 3213, 796
ampD 2.6 Ampicillin ampC regulation 30478 1794, 2561
ampE 2.6 Ampicillin Ampicillin resistance; membrane protein 30481 1794, 2561
ampG 9.7 Ampicillin Ampicillin resistance; membrane protein 31027 2560
ampH 8.5 Ampicillin Probable role in peptidoglycan, cell wall synthesis; cell morphology 51873 1713
amtB 10.2 Ammonia transport Putative ammonia transporter 47403 4557
amyA 43.2 Amylase  alpha -amylase, cytoplasmic 30745 3581, 3582
ansA 39.9 Asparaginase L-Asparaginase I; (EC 3.5.1.1) 1030 1005, 4167
ansB 66.8 Asparaginase L-Asparaginase II; (EC 3.5.1.1) 30045 427, 2008 
apaG 1.1 ad-P-ad Expressed as part of complex ksgA operon 30310 3683, 380
apaH 1.1 ad-P-ad Diadenosine tetraphosphatase; stress response; complex operon 17761 1205, 2034, 2509, 2861, 3683, 380
aphA 92.0 Acid phosphatase Acid phosphatase/phosphotransferase, class B 45401 4390
appA 22.4 Acid (poly)phosphatase Acid phosphatase, pH 2.5, exopolyphosphatase (EC 3.1.3.2, 3.6.1.11); agp homology; phytase P2 17758 1514, 432, 945, 946, 4446
appB 22.4 Acid (poly)phosphatase cyxB; cytochrome oxidase, putative additional one 31813 161, 947
appC 22.4 Acid (poly)phosphatase cyxA; cytochrome oxidase, putative additional one 31810 161, 947
appY 12.6 Acid (poly)phosphatase Regulates hya and appA operons; induced by PO4 starvation and stationary phase 31146 160, 161, 162, 1786, 2195, 516
apt 10.6 ad-P transferase Adenine phosphoribosyltransferase (EC 2.4.2.7); adenine salvage, AMP from PRPP + Ad 1029 1733, 1734, 577
aqpZ 19.7 Aquaporin Aquaporin Z, bacterial water channel 40930 607, 608
araA 1.4 Arabinose L-Arabinose isomerase (EC 5.3.1.4) 1028 2469
araB 1.5 Arabinose Ribulokinase (EC 2.7.1.16) 1027 1102, 2169, 2469, 2470, 2970, 3247, 4110
araC 1.5 Arabinose Regulatory gene: activator and repressor 1026 1102, 1158, 2169, 2300, 2470, 2971, 3247, 4018, 4110, 4237, 4642, 643, 651
araD 1.4 Arabinose L-Ribulosephosphate 4-epimerase (EC 5.1.3.4) 1025 2469, 2949
araE 64.2 Arabinose Low-affinity L-arabinose transport; L-arabinose proton symport 1024 2299, 2300, 2708, 2724, 4238
araF 42.7 Arabinose L-Arabinose-binding protein 1023 2299, 2300, 2328, 3953, 3954, 758
araG 42.7 Arabinose High-affinity L-arabinose transport 1022 2299, 2300, 2328, 3953
araH 42.7 Arabinose High-affinity L-arabinose transport, membrane protein 18535 3953
araJ 8.8 Arabinose Function unknown, arabinose inducible, not affecting Ara transport or utilization 29861 1716, 3636
arcA 100.0 Aerobic pathways control dye, fexA, msp, seg, sfrA; negative regulatory gene for aerobic path genes, anaerobic repression; activates cydAB 831 1089, 1955, 333, 4069, 587, 588, 689
arcB 72.2 Aerobic pathways control Activates ArcA in response to anoxia; probable histidine kinase phosphorylating ArcA 29063 1953, 1956, 1958, 3886, 689
argA 63.5 Arginine Arg1, Arg2, argB; N-acetylglutamate synthase (EC 2.3.1.1); growth on acetylornithine; see argE 1021 1107, 3152, 3870, 528, 862
argB 89.5 Arginine Acetylglutamate kinase (EC 2.7.2.8); see argA 1020 255, 3000, 3374, 862, 863
argC 89.5 Arginine Arg2, argH; N-acetyl-gamma -glutamyl-phosphate reductase (EC 1.2.1.38) 1019 255, 3000, 311, 3374, 3433, 862, 863
argD 75.2 Arginine Arg1, argG; acetylornithine aminotransferase (EC 2.6.1.11); see argF 1018 2191, 315, 3676, 862
argE 89.5 Arginine Arg4, argA; acetylornithine deacetylase (EC 3.5.1.16); see argG 1017 2187, 255, 3000, 311, 3433, 863
argF 6.2 Arginine Arg5, argD; ornithine transcarbamylase (EC 2.1.3.3); see duplicate locus, argI 1016 1597, 1838, 2015, 2476, 2997, 2998, 3434, 4561, 4892, 863, 1717
argG 71.5 Arginine Arg6, argE; argininosuccinate synthetase (EC 6.3.4.5); see argD 1015 4560, 1717
argH 89.5 Arginine Argininosuccinate lyase (EC 4.3.2.1); see argC 1014 255, 3000, 863, 1717
argI 96.5 Arginine Ornithine transcarbamylase (EC 2.1.3.3); see argF 1013 295, 3434, 3729
argM 88.7 Arginine Acetylornithine transaminase; cryptic gene; may be duplicate of argD 18532 3676
argP 65.9 Arginine iciA (inhibitor of chromosome initiation); transport of arginine, ornithine, and lysine; canavanine sensitivity 1012 1614, 1871, 1873, 1874, 2474, 2691, 3427, 3733, 665, 4405
argQ 60.7 Arginine Rarg; arginine tRNA2 tandem quadruple genes 2313 35604
argR 72.9 Arginine xerA; repressor of Arg regulon; cer-mediated site-specific recombination 1011 1114, 2187, 2481, 254, 2552, 2690, 315, 3399, 3427, 4225
argS 42.2 Arginine lov; arginyl-tRNA synthetase (EC 6.1.1.19); 1010 1164, 1772, 3147, 4590
argT 52.3 Arginine Salmonella homolog codes for Lys-, Arg-, and Orn-binding proteins 18529 3211
argU 12.1 Arginine dnaY, pin; arginine tRNA4 17755 1285, 1360, 1415, 2313, 2563, 3888, 4140, 505, 696
argV 60.7 Arginine argValpha ; arginine tRNA2 tandem quadruple genes 2313 11650
argW 53.1 Arginine Arginine tRNA5 17752 2313
argX 85.8 Arginine Arginine tRNA3 17749 1832, 2313, 926
argY 60.7 Arginine argVbeta ; arginine tRNA2 tandem quadruple genes 2313 35610
argZ 60.7 Arginine argVgamma ; arginine tRNA2 tandem quadruple genes 2313 35607
aroA 20.7 Aromatic 3-Enolpyruvylshikimate-5-phosphate synthetase (EC 2.5.1.19) 1008 1098, 1099
aroB 75.8 Aromatic 3-Dehydroquinate synthase (EC 4.6.1.3) 1007 2937
aroC 52.7 Aromatic Chorismate synthase (EC 4.6.1.4) 1006 683
aroD 38.2 Aromatic 3-Dehydroquinate dehydratase (EC 4.2.1.10) 1005 2240, 433
aroE 73.9 Aromatic Dehydroshikimate reductase (EC 1.1.1.25) 1004 116, 2865
aroF 59.0 Aromatic DAHP synthetase (tyrosine repressible) (EC 4.1.2.15) 1003 1371, 1847, 4047
aroG 16.9 Aromatic DAHP synthetase (phenylalanine repressible) (EC 4.1.2.15); TyrR regulon 1002 1189, 1704, 1903, 2819, 958, 959
aroH 38.5 Aromatic DAHP synthetase (tryptophan repressible) (EC 4.1.2.15) 1001 1100, 1848, 3030, 433, 4968, 958
aroI 84.2 Aromatic Function unknown 1000 1422
aroK 75.8 Aromatic Shikimate kinase I 30224 1516, 2604, 2605, 4586, 4719
aroL 8.7 Aromatic Shikimate kinase II (EC 2.7.1.71) 999 2436, 2936, 4719, 998, 999
aroM 8.8 Aromatic Function unknown; regulated by aroR 18523 998, 999
aroP 2.6 Aromatic General aromatic amino acid transport; TyrR regulon 998 1553, 1556, 1558, 1657, 2131, 2415, 2416, 3689, 529, 755, 756, 83, 1795
aroT 28.3 Aromatic trpR; aroR; indole acrylic acid resistant mutants; transport 997 4410
arsB 78.6 Arsenate resistance arsF; resistance to arsenate, arsenite, and antimonite 35996 1055, 4128, 600, 637
arsC 78.6 Arsenate resistance arsG; resistance to arsenate, arsenite, and antimonite 35999 1055, 4128, 600, 637
arsR 78.6 Arsenate resistance arsE; resistance to arsenate, arsenite, and antimonite 35993 1055, 4128, 4812, 600, 637
artI 19.4 Arginine transport Periplasmic binding protein of Arg transport system 31674 4759, 4760
artJ 19.4 Arginine transport Periplasmic binding protein of Arg transport system 31664 4759
artM 19.4 Arginine transport Arg periplasmic transport system; similarity to transmembrane proteins, BPC ATPases 31667 4759, 4760
artP 19.4 Arginine transport Arg periplasmic transport system; similarity to transmembrane proteins, BPC ATPases 31677 4759, 4760
artQ 19.4 Arginine transport Arg periplasmic transport system; similarity to transmembrane proteins, BPC ATPases 31670 4759, 4760
ascB 61.2 Arbutin, salicin, cellobiose sac; cryptic; paralogous to cryptic bglFB; expressed when AscG is mutated 33236 1606, 3365
ascF 61.2 Arbutin, salicin, cellobiose sac; cryptic; paralogous to cryptic bglFB; expressed when AscG is mutated 33233 1606, 3365
ascG 61.1 Arbutin, salicin, cellobiose Repressor of cryptic asc operon; galR paralog 33230 1606
asd 77.0 Aspartate semialdehyde deHase dap, hom; aspartate semialdehyde dehydrogenase (EC 1.2.1.11) 996 1679, 1680, 3281, 3940
aslA 85.8 Arylsulfatase-like gppB; suppresses gpp mutants 33957 3069
aslB 85.8 Arylsulfatase-like gppB; suppresses gpp mutants 33960 3069
asmA 46.1 Assembly suppressor mutant Membrane protein; suppressor of ompF assembly mutants 41068 1021; 2957, 4811
asnA 84.6 Asparagine Asparagine synthetase A (EC 6.3.1.1) 995 1769, 1861, 2295, 3111, 4610, 4621, 556
asnB 15.0 Asparagine Asparagine synthetase B (EC 6.3.1.1) 994 1861, 3454, 3952
asnC 84.6 Asparagine Regulatory gene for asnA, asnC, gidA 18520 1033, 2294, 556, 729
asnS 21.3 Asparagine lcs, tss; asparaginyl-tRNA synthetase (EC 6.1.1.22) 993 1917, 4433
asnT 44.0 Asparagine Asparagine tRNA 992 1285, 2313, 3324
asnU 44.4 Asparagine Asparagine tRNA 17746 2313
asnV 44.4 Asparagine Asparagine tRNA 17743 2313
asnW 44.3 Asparagine Asparagine tRNA 51238 2313
aspA 94.1 Aspartate Aspartate ammonia-lyase (aspartase) (EC 4.3.1.1) 991 1557, 4327
aspC 21.2 Aspartate Aspartate aminotransferase (EC 2.6.1.1) 990 1283, 2317, 2373, 2740
aspS 42.0 Aspartate tls; aspartyl-tRNA synthetase 32508 1165, 1351, 4000
aspT 85.0 Aspartate tasC; aspartate tRNA1 triplicated gene 989 2313, 2777, 4904, 926
aspU 4.8 Aspartate Aspartate tRNA1 triplicated gene, in rrnH operon 988 1146, 2313, 2777
aspV 5.1 Aspartate Aspartate tRNA1 triplicated gene 987 1806, 2313, 2777, 3324
asr 35.9 Acid shock RNA Acid shock RNA; expression controlled by phoBR 53672 1986
asue 33.3 Asparagine utilization Utilizes asparagine as sole nitrogen source 18517 723
atoA 50.1 Acetoacetate Acetate CoA-transferase (EC 2.8.3.-) 986 2321
atoB 50.1 Acetoacetate Acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase (EC 2.3.1.9) 985 2005
atoC 50.0 Acetoacetate Az; positive regulator in two-component system, with AtoS sensor kinase 984 395a, 1949a, 3985a, 2005, 2006, 3382, 3817, 629
atoD 50.0 Acetoacetate Acetyl-CoA:acetoacetyl-CoA transferase beta -subunit 18514 2005
atoS 50.0 Acetoacetate AtoS sensor kinase, with AtoC response regulator in 2-component system 37061 395a, 1949a, 3985a
atpA 84.4 ATP papA, uncA; membrane-bound ATP synthase, F1 sector, alpha -subunit (EC 3.6.1.3) 33 1390, 1570, 2275, 4187, 4635
atpB 84.5 ATP papD, uncB; membrane-bound ATP synthase, F0 sector, subunit a (EC 3.6.1.3) 32 1570, 1830, 2993, 3180, 3860, 4609, 4635
atpC 84.3 ATP papG, uncC; membrane-bound ATP synthase, F1 sector, varepsilon -subunit (EC 3.6.1.3) 31 1570, 4635, 4809, 4810
atpD 84.4 ATP papB, uncD; membrane-bound ATP synthase, F1 sector, beta -subunit (EC 3.6.1.3) 30 1570, 3296, 4635
atpE 84.5 ATP papH, uncE; membrane-bound ATP synthase, F0 sector, subunit c; DCCD- (EC 3.6.1.3) 29 1570, 1992, 2836, 2993, 3860, 3900, 4635
atpF 84.5 ATP papF, uncF; membrane-bound ATP synthase, F0 sector, subunit b (EC 3.6.1.3) 28 1570, 2993, 4635
atpG 84.4 ATP papC, uncG; membrane-bound ATP synthase, F1 sector, gamma -subunit (EC 3.6.1.3) 27 1570, 2275, 2692, 3860, 4635
atpH 84.4 ATP papE, uncH; membrane-bound ATP synthase, F1 sector, delta -subunit (EC 3.6.1.3) 26 1570, 2994, 3380, 4635
atpI 84.5 ATP uncI; membrane-bound ATP synthase subunit, F1-F0-type proton-ATPase (EC 3.6.1.34) 18511 1830, 2040, 2156, 3180, 3491, 4609, 4635, 544, 3923
att186 59.3 Attachment Integration site for phage HK186 972 D
att253 6.1 Attachment Integration site for phage HK253 18508 3484
attHK139 44.8 Attachment Attachment site for phage HK139 981 1035
attHK022 22.7 Attachment atthtt; lambdoid prophage HK022 attachment site 982 1034, 2301
attlambda 17.3 Attachment att92, att434; lambda attachment site 980 1470, 18, 1035, 1836, 2940
attP1,P7 68.7 Attachment loxB; attachment site for phage P1 and P7 979 4205, 722
attP22 5.6 Attachment ata; phage P22 attachment site, within thrW gene 975 2562
attP2H 44.7 Attachment Integration site H for phage P2 978 241a, 4291, D
attP2II 87.1 Attachment Integration site II for phage P2 977 241a, 37, D
attP2III 83.5 Attachment Integration site III for phage P2 32179 241a
attP4 96.9 Attachment Integration site for phage P4 976 611, 3431
attPA-2 53.1 Attachment Integration site for phage PA-2 974 C
attphi 80 28.2 Attachment Integration site for phage phi80 973 3794a
attTn7 84.3 Attachment Specific site for Tn7 insertion 37363 1520, 2852
avtA 80.6 Alanine-isoketovalerate transaminase Alanine-alpha -ketoisovalerate transaminase, transaminase C 971 1196, 2585, 4656, 4718
azaA 44.6 Azaserine Mutants azaserine resistant 970 4744
azaB 71.9 Azaserine Mutants azaserine resistant 969 4744
azl 58.1 Azaleucine Mutants azaleucine resistant; regulates ilv and leu 967 3452
bacA 69.0 Bacitracin resistance A lipid kinase; may confer resistance by phosphorylation of undecaprenol 29739 606
baeR 46.6 Bacterial adaptive envZ regulator Suppresses envZ and phoR/creC mutations 30764 3083
baeS 46.6 Bacterial adaptive envZ regulator Suppresses envZ and phoR/creC mutations 30761 3083
barA 62.8 Bacterial adaptive response Has sensory kinase and response regulator domains like OmpR and EnvZ 33320 1924, 3084
basR 93.4 Bacterial adaptive sensor BasRS two-component regulatory system homologous with OmpR-EnvZ family 28168 3083, 3716
basS 93.3 Bacterial adaptive sensor BasRS two-component regulatory system homologous with OmpR-EnvZ family 28171 3083
bax 80.5 Gene transcribed divergently from malS 54736 3922
bcp 56.0 Bacterioferritin comigratory protein Probable bacterioferritin 33035 112
bcr 49.1 Bicyclomycin resistance bicA, bicR, sur, suxA; transmembrane; affects sulfathiazole-sulfonamide resistance 32582 309
betA 7.0 Betaine Choline dehydrogenase 17740 104, 2399, 4257, 470
betB 7.0 Betaine Betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase (EC 1.2.1.8) 17737 104, 2399, 470
betI 7.1 Betaine Regulatory gene, perhaps repressor for choline regulation of bet genes 30692 2399
betT 7.1 Betaine High-affinity choline transport 18505 104, 2399
bfd 74.7 Bfr regulating Regulatory or redox component complexing with Bfr in iron storage and mobility [2Fe-2S] 43017 1369
bfm 85.9 BF23 multiplication Controls phage BF23 multiplication 966 A, 4041a
bfr 74.7 Bacterioferritin Bacterioferritin 32528 111
bglA 65.6  beta -Glucoside bglD; phospho-beta -glucosidase A; growth on arbutin or salicin when activated 965 2076, 3239
bglB 84.1  beta -Glucoside blgA; phospho-beta -glucosidase B; growth on arbutin or salicin when activated 964 2718, 3528, 3658, 3924, 3925, 4611
bglF 84.1  beta -Glucoside bglC, bglB; BglG kinase; transport 18502 2718, 3924, 476, 704
bglG 84.1  beta -Glucoside bglC, bglS; positive regulatory gene, RNA-binding protein; regulated by phosphorylation 963 1818, 2718, 3658, 3659, 3924, 3825, 4077, 4506
bglJ 99.2  beta -Glucoside Mutation bglJ4 activates silent bgl operon, allowing arbutin and salicin transport and utilization 45483 1424, 4506
bglT 84.9  beta -Glucoside bglE; regulatory gene for BglA 961 3890
bglX 47.8  beta -Glucoside Periplasmic beta -glucosidase (EC 3.2.1.21) 4858
bioA 17.4 Biotin Diaminopelargonic acid synthetase 959 18, 232, 2331, 235, 3312, 4246, 4319
bioB 17.4 Biotin Biotin synthetase; dethiobiotin to biotin pathway 958 18, 232, 2331, 235, 3312, 4246, 4319
bioC 17.5 Biotin Blocked prior to pimeloyl CoA formation 957 18, 2488, 4246, 4319
bioD 17.5 Biotin Dethiobiotin synthetase 956 18, 2488, 4246, 4319, 4852
bioF 17.5 Biotin 7-Keto-8-aminopelargonic acid synthetase 955 18, 2488, 4246, 4319
bioH 76.3 Biotin bioB; blocked prior to pimeloyl CoA formation 954 232, 2488, 3303, 3940
bioP 86.6 Biotin bir, birB; biotin transport 953 1298, 624
bipA 87.4 BPI-induced protein yihK; in EPEC strains, it mediates interactions with epithelial cells; tyrosine-phosphorylated GTPase 37329 1206
birA 89.9 Biotin retention bioR, dhbB; biotin-[acetyl-CoA carboxylase] holoenzyme synthetase, and repressor 952 1825, 232-234, 2743, 3337, 4817, 624
bisC 80.0 Biotin sulfoxide Biotin sulfoxide reductase, structural gene 951 1003, 3430
bisZ 42.1 Biotin sulfoxide Responsible for background activity of biotin sulfoxide reductase in bisC mutants 50496 1004
blc 94.3 Bacterial lipocalin Membrane protein, first prokaryotic lipocalin; cell division and growth, rpoS regulon; shares translation termination codons with sugE 40887 361
bolA 9.8 Bolus Morphogene; overexpression produces osmotically stable spherical cells; FtsZ dependent 31032 2413, 55-57
brnQ 9.0 Branched chain hrbA; mutants valine and o-methylthreonine resistant, glycylvaline sensitive; transport system I for Ile, Leu, and Val 950 1542, 1543
brnR 8.5 Branched chain Mutants valine resistant, glycylvaline sensitive 949 1542
brnS 1.2 Branched chain Mutants valine resistant, glycylvaline sensitive 948 1542
brnT 65.2 Branched chain Low-affinity transport of Ile 947 1876a
btuB 89.7 B12 uptake bfe, cer; receptor for vitamin B12, E colicins, and phage BF23; also C1 phage absorption 946 1545, 1546, 166, 167, 1705, 1850, 2082, 2430, 2546, 3000, 585
btuC 38.6 B12 uptake Vitamin B12 transport 945 1029, 1031, 1315
btuD 38.6 B12 uptake B12 transport, membrane associated 18499 1029, 1031, 1315
btuE 38.6 B12 uptake Not required for vitamin B12 transport, perhaps periplasmic protein 18496 1029, 1315, 3679
btuR 28.6 B12 uptake Regulatory gene affecting btuB 18493 2667
bymA 93.2 Bypass maltose Growth on maltose in MalT- cells 944 1781
cadA 93.9 Cadaverine Lysine decarboxylase (EC 4.1.1.18) 943 168, 169, 2886, 2887, 3144, 4022, 4325, 4680
cadB 93.9 Cadaverine Arginine/ornithine antiporter, probably 34228 2886, 3144, 4680
cadC 93.9 Cadaverine Regulatory gene 34231 2887, 3144, 4680
cafA 73.2 Cytoplasmic axial filaments Cell division and growth, overexpression forms minicells and chains with long axial structures 31358 3278
caiA 0.8 Carnitine inducible Carnitine metabolism, oxidoreductase 36825 1134, 550
caiB 0.8 Carnitine inducible Carnitine dehydratase 36800 1135, 550
caiC 0.8 Carnitine inducible Crotonobetain/carnitine-CoA ligase 36828 1134, 550
caiD 0.8 Carnitine inducible Putative enoyl hydratase/isomerase with carnitine racemase activity 36831 1134, 550
caiE 0.8 Carnitine inducible Stimulates carnitine racemase activity of CaiD and CaiB activity 36834 1134, 550
caiF 0.7 Carnitine inducible Regulatory gene; transcriptional activation of cai operon 42995 1133, 550
caiT 0.9 Carnitine inducible Putative carnitine/betaine transport 36822 1134, 550
calA 95.0 Calcium Calcium-proton antiport activity 941 4417, 499
calC 15.2 Calcium Calcium transport; mutants defective in chemotaxis 940 4417, 499
calD 9.4 Calcium Calcium transport; mutants defective in chemotaxis 939 4417, 499
can 66.0 Canavanine Resistance to canavanine 938 A, 2691a
carA 0.6 Carbamoyl P arg+ura, cap, pyrA; carbamoylphosphate synthase (glutamine-hydrolysing) light subunit (EC 6.3.5.5) 936 1427, 3432, 465, 861
carB 0.7 Carbamoyl P arg+ura, cap, pyrA; carbamoylphosphate synthase (ammonia), heavy subunit (EC 6.3.4.16) 935 1427, 3234, 861
cbl 44.4 cysB-like cys regulon member; perhaps an accessory regulatory circuit within the cys regulon 50175 1964, 4550
cbpA 22.9 Curved-DNA binding protein Recognizes a curved DNA sequence; sequence similarity to DnaJ 31822 4505
cbt 16.6 Colicin B (and D) tolerance Dicarboxylate binding protein production; ColB and ColD tolerance 934 334
cca 69.0 CCA tRNA terminus tRNA nucleotidyl transferase 933 880
ccmA 49.5 Cytochrome c maturation ABC transporter, ATPase subunit 36574 1537, 4406, 4411, 739, 740
ccmB 49.5 Cytochrome c maturation ABC transporter, ATPase subunit 36577 1537, 4406, 4411, 739, 740
ccmC 49.4 Cytochrome c maturation ABC transporter, heme binding 36581 1537, 4406, 4411, 739, 740
ccmD 49.4 Cytochrome c maturation Cytochrome c related 36584 1537, 4406, 739, 740
ccmE 49.4 Cytochrome c maturation Cytochrome c related 36587 1537, 4406, 739, 740
ccmF 49.4 Cytochrome c maturation Required for synthesis of c-type cytochromes; similarity with NrfE 36590 1536, 1537, 4406, 4411, 739, 740
ccmG 49.4 Cytochrome c maturation dsbE; thioredoxin homolog; thiol-disulfide interchange protein 36594 1192, 1537, 4406, 4411, 739, 740
ccmH 49.3 Cytochrome c maturation Required for synthesis of c-type cytochromes; similarity with NrfF and NrfG 36597 1536, 1537, 4406, 739, 740
cdd 48.1 Deoxycytidine deaminase Deoxycytidine deaminase (EC 3.5.4.5); mutants 5-fluorodeoxycytidine resistant 932 1075, 2057, 2058, 2925, 3241, 429, 4325, 4851
cde 14.2 Control of dam expression Affects growth rate control of dam expression; near or within lipB 37102 3616
cdh 88.5 CDP diglyceride hydrolase CDP-diglyceride hydrolase 931 1710, 1884, 51, 559, 560
cdsA 4.2 CDP diglyceride synthase CDP-diglyceride synthase 930 1356, 1886
cdsS 71.7 CDP diglyceride synthase Stability of CDP diglyceride synthase 18490 1355
cedA 39.1 Cell division Modulates cell division, affects inhibition after overreplication of chromosome in dnaAcos mutants 55374 2161
celA 39.2 Cellobiose chbB; member of cryptic cel operon 34873 2205, 3366
celB 39.2 Cellobiose chbC; phosphotransferase system enzyme IIcel, PEP dependent; cryptic operon; cellobiose, arbutin, and salicin transport 18487 2205, 2340, 2341, 3366, 3647
celC 39.2 Cellobiose chbA; phosphotransferase system enzyme IIIcel, PEP dependent; cryptic operon; cellobiose, arbutin, and salicin transport 18484 2205, 2340, 2341, 3366, 3547
celD 39.2 Cellobiose chbR; Cel regulatory protein 18481 2205, 2340, 2341, 3366
celF 39.1 Cellobiose chbF; phospho-beta -glucosidase B; cryptic operon 17734 2205, 2340, 2341, 3366
cfa 37.5 Cyclopropane fatty acid cdfA; cyclopropane fatty acid synthase 10810 1527, 1528, 1529, 4649
cfcA 79.9 Control frequency of cell division Controls cell division frequency per round of DNA replication 36615 3194
chaA 27.4 Ca2+/H+ antiporter Ca2+/H+ antiporter 30293 1961, 3271, 3330
chaB 27.4 Ca2+/H+ antiporter Accessory and regulatory protein for chaA 37193 4792a
chaC 27.4 Ca2+/H+ antiporter Accessory and regulatory protein for chaA 37196 4792a
cheA 42.5 Chemotaxis Autophosphorylating histidine kinase of chemotactic response; clockwise and counterclockwise signals; Fla regulon 928 2285, 2679, 3757, 3830, 4064, 4101, 4119, 4363, 4652, 84
cheB 42.4 Chemotaxis Protein methylesterase; flagellar regulon member 927 2349, 3076, 4101, 4214, 468, 923
cheR 42.4 Chemotaxis cheX; protein methyltransferase (in chemotactic response); flagellar regulon 926 2951, 3076, 4101, 468
cheW 42.5 Chemotaxis Signal transduction; couples CheA to chemoreceptor control by promoting CheW/CheA/Tsr; flagellar regulon 925 3076, 3757, 4064, 4101
cheY 42.4 Chemotaxis Response regulator CheY for chemotactic signal transduction; flagellar regulon member 924 2679, 2809, 3076, 3757, 3857, 4046, 4101, 468, 776
cheZ 42.3 Chemotaxis Chemotactic signal transduction; flagellar regulon member 923 3076, 3856, 3857, 4101, 468
chpA 62.7 Chromosomal homolog of pem chpAK, mazF; ChpAB growth inhibitor, homology to R100 pemK gene, programmed cell death? toxic protein 33287 2794, 35
chpB 95.8 Chromosomal homolog of pem chpBK, yjfB; ChpAB growth inhibitor, homology to pemK 33290 2793, 2794
chpR 62.7 Chromosomal homolog of pem chpAI, mazE; homology to R100 pemI, which suppresses pemK; suppresses ChpA inhibition 33283 2794, 35
chpS 95.8 Chromosomal homolog of pem chpBI, yjfA; homology to pemI; supresses ChpB 33293 2793, 2794
cirA 48.3 Colicin I resistance/receptor feuA; colicin I receptor production 916 1518, 2925, 428, 4783
citA 17.9 Citrate Cryptic gene for citrate transport system 18469 1604
citB 16.0 Citrate Cryptic gene for citrate transport system 18466 1604
cld 45.2 Chain length determination rol; regulator of lipopolysaccharide O-chain length; gene studied in Salmonella and non-K-12 strains 56819 1061a, 1293a
clpA 19.9 Caseinolytic protease Clp ATP-dependent protease, ATP-binding subunit 31293 1472, 3972, 3973, 3990
clpB 58.8 Caseinolytic protease ClpB protease, ATP dependent (EC 1.17.4.-, 3.4.21.-) 32875 1327, 2244, 3359, 3478, 4178, 4772
clpP 9.8 Caseinolytic protease F21.5, LopP; ClpP ATP-dependent protease proteolytic subunit 31280 2344, 2822, 2824, 3973, 4765
clpX 9.8 Caseinolytic protease LopC; ClpX protease, which activates ClpP 31287 1297, 1473, 2505, 4765, 4891
cls 28.1 Cardiolipin synthase nov; cardiolipin synthase; mutants dihydroxybutylphosphonate resistant; novobiocin sensitivity 915 1690, 1765, 1766, 1876, 1960, 3193, 3267, 3600, 4462, 4463
cmk 20.7 CMP kinase mssA; multicopy suppressor; CMP kinase 31736 1308, 4843
cmlA 19.0 Chloramphenicol Probably same as cmr; resistance or sensitivity to chloramphenicol, also tetracycline resistance 914 187, 3637, 4043
cmr 19.0 Chloramphenicol resistance cmlA?, mdfA; transmembrane multidrug/chloramphenicol efflux transporter 55066 1115, 3189, 3637
cmtA 66.3 Cryptic mannitol Similar to mannitol phosphotransferase enzymes 33362 4163
cmtB 66.3 Cryptic mannitol tolM; protein-Npi -phosphohistidine sugar P-transferase; enzyme III of PEP-PTS cryptic mannitol transport 33365 4163
coaA 89.9 CoA panK, rts; pantothenate kinase 17731 1259, 4134, 4135, 4538
cobS 44.5 Cobalamin, coenzyme B12 Partial cobalamin biosynthesis pathway present in E. coli 40912 2439
cobT 44.4 Cobalamin, coenzyme B12 Partial cobalamin biosynthesis pathway present in E. coli 40908 2439
cobU 44.5 Cobalamin, coenzyme B12 Partial cobalamin biosynthesis pathway present in E. coli 40916 2439
codA 7.7 Cytosine deaminase Cytosine deaminase (EC 3.5.4.1) 913 23, 4562, 927, 95
codB 7.6 Cytosine deaminase Cytosine transport 912 23, 927, 95
cof 10.1 Complementation of fur Complements deletion mutant for growth on succinate 53227 1640
cog 29.1 Control of ompG Probable repressor of ompG 37297 2956
corA 86.2 Cobalt resistance Mg2+ transport system; mutants resistant to Co2+, Mn2+, and Ni2+, insensitive to Ca2+ 911 2750, 3242, 3243, 3353, 4120, 4683, 58, 926
CP4-57 59.4 Cryptic prophage Cryptic prophage; see intA and alpA 33089 2241, 3653
cpdA 68.4 Cyclic nucleotide P-diesterase icc; affects cAMP requirement during growth on maltose; 3',5' cAMP phosphodiesterase 37437 1907
cpdB 95.5 Cyclic nucleotide P-diesterase 2',3'-Cyclic nucleotide 2'-phosphodiesterase (EC 3.1.4.16) 909 1996, 2580, 259
cpsA 45.4 Capsular polysaccharide synthesis Colanic acid (CPS) biosynthesis 18463 4460
cpsB 45.7 Capsular polysaccharide synthesis Colanic acid (CPS) biosynthesis; mannose 1-P guanyltransferase 18460 4460
cpsC 45.8 Capsular polysaccharide synthesis Colanic acid (CPS) biosynthesis 18457 4460
cpsD 45.8 Capsular polysaccharide synthesis Colanic acid (CPS) biosynthesis 18454 4460
cpsE 45.8 Capsular polysaccharide synthesis Colanic acid (CPS) biosynthesis 51241 4460
cpsF 90.2 Capsular polysaccharide synthesis Colanic acid (CPS) biosynthesis 18448 4460
cpsG 45.7 Capsular polysaccharide synthesis Phosphomannomutase isozyme; colanic acid biosynthesis 37429 1999
cpxA 88.4 Conjugative plasmid expression ecfB, eup, ssd; membrane sensor in two-component cpxAR signal transduction system; Kanr, phage Q resistant; L-serine growth 908 1952, 2844, 2845, 3011, 3166, 3448, 3595, 3596, 4066-4068, 4408, 4684, 50, 52, 843
cpxB 41.3 Conjugative plasmid expression Phage Q resistance, membrane protein 907 2844, 2845, 4066
cpxP 88.4 Conjugative plasmid expression Periplasmic protein, CpxA/R activated, induced in alkaline pH; suppresses toxic envelope protein effects 54751 922
cpxR 88.4 Conjugative plasmid expression Regulator in two-component cpxAR 34166 1065, 3596, 843
crcA 14.1 Camphor resistance and chromosome condensation High-copy crc-csp restores normal chromosome condensation in presence of camphor or mukB mutations 41127 1837
crcB 14.2 Camphor resistance and chromosome condensation See crcA 41131 1837
creA 99.9 Catabolite regulation Function unknown; transcribed with cre operon 34809 81
creB 99.9 Catabolite regulation phoM-orf2; structurally homologous to creC (phoM) 34803 81, 82
creC 99.9 Catabolite regulation phoM; sensor in Pho regulon 395 2654, 2733, 2734, 4431, 4660, 4661, 4664, 4666, 4667, 81
creD 99.9 Catabolite regulation cet (colicin E2 tolerance), refII 929 1090, 1284, 1462, 1568, 81
crg 28.8 Cold resistant growth Allows cold-resistant growth 18445 2175
crl 5.6 Curli Regulatory protein for curli (cryptic csgA) 30625 137, 1722, 3291, 3545
crp 75.1 cAMP receptor protein cap, csm; cAMP receptor protein 906 1404, 147, 1559, 2233, 2365, 258, 2627, 32, 3610, 3279, 3559, 3617, 4108, 4394, 500, 8, 844, 924
crr 54.6 Carrier? gsr, iex, tgs; phosphocarrier protein for glucose of the PTS; IIIglc 905 1023, 2326, 2859, 3150, 3369, 3370, 3793, 508, 539, 557, 562, 982, 983b
csdA 63.4 Cysteine, selenocysteine decomposition Cysteine sulfinate desulfinase 52073 2926
csgA 23.8 Curlin sigma S-dependent growth Curlin, sigma S (stationary phase) dependent, cryptic 30620 137, 138, 1619, 2612, 3289-3291, 3725, 4584
csgB 23.8 Curlin sigma S-dependent growth Curlin nucleator protein, homology with major curlin, CsgA 36735 138, 2612, 3725
csgD 23.7 Curlin sigma S-dependent growth csgD insertions eliminate sigma S-dependent transcription from csgBA promoter 50655 1619, 3725
csgE 23.7 Curlin sigma S-dependent growth Possible secretion or assembly protein for bacterial fibers 50658 1619, 3725
csgF 23.7 Curlin sigma S-dependent growth Possible assembly or transport protein for curli 50661 1619
csgG 23.7 Curlin sigma S-dependent growth Possible assembly or transport protein for curli; novel lipoprotein 50664 1619, 2612, 3725
csiA 85.3 Carbon starvation induced Stationary phase inducible protein 36892 4690
csiB 17.4 Carbon starvation induced Stationary phase inducible protein 36895 4690
csiC 66.0 Carbon starvation induced Stationary phase inducible protein 36898 4690
csiD 60.5 Carbon starvation induced Stationary phase inducible protein 36904 2775, 4690
csiE 57.4 Carbon starvation induced Stationary phase inducible protein 36901 2774, 4690
csiF 8.6 Carbon starvation induced Stationary phase inducible protein 36998 4690
cspA 80.1 Cold shock protein Cold shock protein CS7.4; similar to Y-box DNA binding proteins of eukaryotes; transcription factor 29540 1199, 1200, 1443, 1452, 194, 2019, 2046, 2473, 478, 4841a, 4347
cspB 35.3 Cold shock protein Cold shock protein with similarity to CspA 32231 1200, 2473
cspC 41.1 Cold shock protein msmB; multicopy suppresses mukB mutants 35339 2043, 2473, 4842
cspD 19.9 Cold shock protein Similarity to CspA but not cold shock induced 31688 2473, 4841
cspE 14.2 Cold shock protein msmC; with crcAB, high copy promotes or protects chromosome condensation 31528 1837, 4841, 4842
cspG 12.6 Cold shock protein Cold-induced CspA/B analog 53423 194, 3119
csrA 60.7 Carbon storage regulator zfiA, regulatory gene inhibiting glycogen biosynthesis; global regulatory protein 34504 2586, 3061, 3723, 3724, 3787, 4854
csrB 62.9 Carbon storage regulator CsrA-binding RNA, antagonizing CsrA regulation 2585a
cstA 13.5 Carbon starvation Starvation induced stress response protein 31179 1523, 2798, 3937, 403
cstCb 39.4 Carbon starvation astC; starvation gene regulated by cAMP and RpoS, T; induced by ornithine; arginine succinyltransferase 54626 1290a, 1290b, 1950a, 3921a
cup 97.0 Carbohydrate uptake Mutants have defective carbohydrate uptake 18442 2720
cutA 94.0 Cu tolerance cycY, cutA1; copper sensitivity; possible role in cytochrome c maturation; cytochrome c-like 34216 1271, 1921, 875
cutC 42.2 Cu tolerance Copper sensitivity 36974 1574
cutE 14.8 Cu tolerance lnt; copper sensitivity; apolipoprotein N-acetyltransferase 31471 3710
cutF 4.6 Cu tolerance nlpE; copper sensitivity 35748 1574, 4122
cvpA 52.3 Colicin V production dedE; member of purF operon; affects Col V production 32727 1207
cxm 6.3 Carbon-xylose metabolism cxr; methyl glyoxal synthesis; D-xylose utilization 903 8
cyaA 86.0 Cyclase, adenylate Adenylate cyclase (EC 4.6.1.1) 902 1008, 219, 2233, 2275, 2321, 2365, 26, 29, 30, 3559, 3758, 3759, 3760, 4401, 500, 58, 924, 926
cybB 32.1 Cytochrome b Cytochrome b561 17728 3052, 3054, 3105
cybC 96.1 Cytochrome b Cytochrome b562 34583 4465
cycA 95.4 Cycloserine dagA; D-alanine, D-serine, glycine permease 900 3685, 3686, 3939, 4671, 569
cydA 16.6 Cytochrome d Cytochrome d terminal oxidase, polypeptide subunit I 10369 1060, 1447, 1491, 1492, 1493, 1494, 3039, 3611, 615, 847
cydB 16.6 Cytochrome d Cytochrome d terminal oxidase, polypeptide subunit II 9469 1009, 1010, 1011, 1060, 1447, 1491, 1492, 1494, 1495, 3039, 3611, 4638, 615, 847
cydC 20.0 Cytochrome d mdrA, mdrH, surB; cytochrome d terminal oxidase, possibly heme d component 17725 1009, 1405, 1447, 3763, 4054, 4055
cydD 20.0 Cytochrome d ATP-binding cassette membrane transporter; bd-type oxidase 31720 1009, 1447, 262, 3479-3481
cynR 7.7 Cyanase; cyanate metabolism Transcriptional activator of cyn operon 31255 102, 2403, 4288
cynS 7.7 Cyanase; cyanate metabolism Cyanate aminohydrolase (EC 3.5.5.3) 15267 102, 1564, 1565, 2403, 4286, 4288, 4289
cynT 7.7 Cyanase; cyanate metabolism Carbonic anhydrase 31258 102, 1564, 1566, 2333, 4286, 4287, 4289
cynX 7.7 Cyanase; cyanate metabolism Apparent hydrophobic protein, member of cyn operon 31261 102, 1564
cyoA 9.7 Cytochrome o oxidase Cytochrome o oxidase subunit II; cytochrome bo3 ubiquinol oxidase subunit II 18439 164, 165, 2687, 615
cyoB 9.7 Cytochrome o oxidase Cytochrome o oxidase subunit I 30997 164, 3106, 615
cyoC 9.6 Cytochrome o oxidase Cytochrome o oxidase subunit III 31005 164, 615, 720, 721
cyoD 9.6 Cytochrome o oxidase Cytochrome o oxidase subunit IV 31008 164, 615, 720
cyoE 9.6 Cytochrome o oxidase Cytochrome o oxidase subunit, protoheme IX farnesyltransferase 31014 164, 3799, 615, 720, 721
cysA 54.7 Cysteine Sulfate permease; chromate resistance 898 3793, 4082, 4172, 47, 539
cysB 28.7 Cysteine Positive regulator for cys regulon 897 1980, 3310, 4382
cysC 61.9 Cysteine Adenylylsulfate kinase (EC 2.7.1.25) 896 2520, 3879, 4380
cysD 61.9 Cysteine Sulfate adenylyltransferase (EC 2.7.7.4) 895 1862, 2742, 4380
cysE 81.5 Cysteine Serine acetyltransferase (EC 2.3.1.30) 894 1021, 4381
cysG 75.3 Cysteine Uroporphyrinogen III methyltransferase; transcribed from nirB operon and cysG promoters 893 1647, 1973, 2693, 2694, 3386, 3387, 4148, 4380, 792
cysH 62.2 Cysteine Adenylylsulfate reductase (EC 1.8.99.2) 892 1862, 2345, 2346, 2522, 4380
cysI 62.2 Cysteine cysQ; sulfite reductase, alpha -subunit (EC 1.8.1.2) 891 1175, 1862, 2522, 4380, 4795
cysJ 62.3 Cysteine cysP; sulfite reductase, beta -subunit (EC 1.8.1.2) 890 1175, 1862, 2522, 2637, 4380, 4795
cysK 54.5 Cysteine cysZ; cysteine synthase (EC 4.2.99.8); homodimer; selenate resistance, azaserine resistance 889 1247, 3370, 3793, 4082, 438, 47, 4731, 508, 539
cysM 54.7 Cysteine o-Acetylserine sulfhydrolase B (EC 4.2.99.8) 17722 3793, 4082, 47, 539
cysN 61.9 Cysteine ATP sulfurylase (ATP:sulfate adenylyltransferase) 18436 2520
cysP 54.8 Cysteine Periplasmic sulfate binding protein; see cysJ 27367 1828, 4081
cysQ 95.6 Cysteine amt, amtA; requirement for sulfite or cysteine during aerobic growth; see also cysI 34409 1193, 1996, 1997, 3159
cysS 11.9 Cysteine Cysteinyl-tRNA synthetase (EC 6.1.1.16) 888 176, 413, 1816
cysT 42.9 Cysteine Cysteine tRNA; see also cysU 17719 1285, 2313
cysU 54.7 Cysteine Cysteine transport system; may also transport molybdate (see mod) 37093 4081
cysW 54.7 Cysteine Membrane-bound sulfate transport protein; may also transport molybdate (see mod) 27371 4081
cysX 81.5 Cysteine Reading frame in opposite orientation within cysE gene; polypeptide synthesized in maxicells 55332 4381
cysZ 54.5 Cysteine putative; ORF upstream of cysK may be cysZ 33018 593
cytR 88.8 Cytosine resistant? Regulatory gene for deo, udp, and cdd; mutants show improved growth on uridine 887 226, 3048, 3617, 4128, 4529
dacA 14.3 D-Alanine carboxypeptidase pfv; D-alanine carboxypeptidase IA (EC 3.4.12.11); penicillin-binding protein; deletion suppresses ftsK mutant block 886 2801, 2802, 3198, 3360, 4157, 4232, 520
dacB 71.7 D-Alanine carboxypeptidase D-Alanine carboxypeptidase IB; penicillin-binding protein (EC 3.4.12.11) 885 2322, 2803, 3021, 3022, 4075, 4337
dacC 19.0 D-Alanine carboxypeptidase Penicillin-binding protein 6 (EC 3.4.17.8) 34706 276, 3421, 520
dacD 44.8 D-Alanine carboxypeptidase phsE? Penicillin-binding protein 6b 50486 223
dadA 26.7 D-Amino acid dehydrogenase dadR; D-amino acid dehydrogenase subunit 884 2357, 2607, 2797, 4736, 4737, 4739, 4740
dadB 1.6 D-Amino acid dehydrogenase alnA; D-amino acid dehydrogenase subunit 883 1298
dadQ 98.9 D-Amino acid dehydrogenase alnR; regulator of dad regulon 882 1298
dadX 26.7 D-Amino acid dehydrogenase msuA? alanine racemase (EC 5.1.1.1) 17716 1526, 2607, 2797, 4739
dam 75.7 DNA adenine methylase DNA adenine methylase 881 145, 1609, 2851, 3411, 518
dapA 56.0 Diaminopimelate (lysine path) Dihydrodipicolinate synthase (EC 4.2.1.52) 880 3667
dapB 0.6 Diaminopimelate (lysine path) Dihydrodipicolinate reductase (EC 1.3.1.26); see dapE and lspA 879 2699, 464
dapC 3.9 Diaminopimelate (lysine path) Tetrahydropicolinate succinylase 878 1359, 558
dapD 4.0 Diaminopimelate (lysine path) Succinyl-diaminopimelate aminotransferase 877 1000, 1359, 296, 3665
dapE 55.8 Diaminopimelate (lysine path) dapB; N-succinyl-diaminopimelate deacylase 876 3364, 3667
dapF 86.1 Diaminopimelate (lysine path) Diaminopimelate epimerase 17713 3664, 3666, 926
dbpA 30.3 DNA binding protein Binds DNA, RNA, only hydrolyses ATP in presence of 23S rRNA 32058 1337, 3177
dcd 46.1 dCTP deaminase paxA; dCTP deaminase (EC 3.5.4.13); mutants suppress lethal dut mutants 875 1180, 3156, 4655
dcm 43.7 DNA cytosine methylation mec; DNA cytosine methylase; internal cytosine methylated 874 1314, 1625, 337
dcp 35.0 Dipeptidyl carboxypeptidase Dipeptidyl carboxypeptidase II (EC 3.4.15.1) 873 1027, 1723, 269
dcrB 77.8 C resistance Resistant to lytic phage C1; periplasmic protein perhaps anchored to inner membrane 46606 2546
dctA 79.3 Dicarboxylic acid transport Uptake of C-4 dicarboxylic acids; 3-fluoromalate resistance, D-tartrate resistant 872 206, 2181, 2602, 3897
dctB 16.4 Dicarboxylic acid transport Uptake of C-4 dicarboxylic acids; 3-fluoromalate resistance, D-tartrate resistant 871 2181, 3897
dcuA 94.0 Dicarboxylate uptake genA; C4-dicarboxylate transporter, anaerobic 34476 4084
dcuB 93.7 Dicarboxylate uptake genF; C4-dicarboxylate transporter, anaerobic 34479 4084
dcuC 14.1 Dicarboxylate uptake C4-dicarboxylate carrier, anaerobic; W3110 has an IS5 insertion 50968 4956
ddlA 8.6 D-Alanine ligase D-Alanine:D-alanine ligase, ADP-forming 30966 3350, 4921
ddlB 2.2 D-Alanine ligase ddl; D-Alanine:D-alanine ligase 870 1893, 2071, 2675, 2676, 3350, 3692
deaD 71.2 Dead-box protein csdA, mssB; gene dosage-dependent suppressor of rpsB(ts) mutations; putative RNA helicase 33472 1200, 2045, 4437, 4843
dedA 52.4 Downstream, expressed? Temporary designation for genes in pdxB and folC operons; unknown function 32742 3211
dedD 52.4 Downstream, expressed? Temporary designation for genes in pdxB and folC operons; unknown function 32739 3211
def 74.0 Deformylase fms; peptide deformylase, N-formylmethionylaminoacyl-tRNA deformylase (EC 3.4.11.-, EC 3.5.1.27) 33619 2830, 2869, 2871, 2872, 2873, 3597
degP 3.9 Degradative protease htrA; DegP periplasmic serine endoprotease (EC 3.4.99-), protease Do, required for high-temperature growth; sigma E promoter 30554 1767, 2570, 2571, 2572, 3974, 4092, 4251, 660
degQ 72.8 Degradative protease hhoA; periplasmic serineendoprotease 36675 2296, 250, 4643
degS 72.8 Degradative protease htrH, hhoB; periplasmic serineendoprotease 36678 250, 4643
del 64.3 Deletion Affects frequency of IS1-mediated deletions; 1,000-fold reduction in deletion frequency 869 3164
deoA 99.5 Deoxyribose tpp-75; thymidine phosphorylase (EC 2.4.2.4) 868 1255, 22, 4270, 4528, 4530, 4531, 4532
deoB 99.5 Deoxyribose drm, thyR, tlr; deoxyribouratase (EC 2.7.5.6), phosphopentomutase 867 1255, 22, 2616, 3705, 4527, 4530, 4532
deoC 99.5 Deoxyribose dra, thyR, tlr; deoxyribose-phosphate aldolase (EC 4.1.2.4) 866 1255, 2616, 3705, 4526, 4527, 4528, 4532, 54, 920
deoD 99.6 Deoxyribose pup; purine-nucleoside phosphorylase PNP (EC 2.4.2.1) 865 1255, 22, 2282, 2422, 3705, 4528, 4532
deoR 19.0 Deoxyribose nucR, nupG, tse; regulatory gene for deo operon 864 3017, 3048, 4533
dfp 82.1 DNA synthesis flavoprotein dnaS, dut; flavoprotein affecting DNA synthesis and pantothenate metabolism 18430 4154, 4155
dgd 72.0 D-Galactose dehydrogenase D-Galactose dehydrogenase production 863 4803
dgkA 91.7 Diglyceride kinase Diglyceride kinase 862 2544, 2545
dgkR 93.7 Diglyceride kinase Regulatory 861 3578
dgoA 83.4 D-Galactonate 2-Oxo-3-deoxygalactonate 6-phosphate aldolase (EC 4.1.2.21) 36891 182
dgoD 83.4 D-Galactonate Galactonate dehydratase (EC 4.2.1.6) 859 182
dgoK 83.5 D-Galactonate 2-Oxo-3-deoxygalactonate kinase (EC 2.7.1.58) 858 182
dgoR 83.5 D-Galactonate Regulatory; growth on 2-keto-3-deoxygalactonate, dgoRc 857 830
dgoT 83.4 D-Galactonate Galactonate transport 856 182
dgsA 35.9 D-Glucosamine mlc (makes large colonies); affects function of phosphotransferase system enzyme IIA/IIB, anaerobic growth on glucosamine; binds NagC promoters; regulates manX 855 1813, 3012, 3453, 3707
dgt 3.9 dGTP triphosphohydrolase optA; deoxyguanosine 5'-triphosphate triphosphohydrolase (EC 3.1.5.1) 30546 261, 3572, 3573, 4806
dicA 35.5 Division control Regulatory for dicB 18427 282, 283
dicB 35.5 Division control Control of cell division 18424 282, 283, 622
dicC 35.5 Division control Regulatory for dicB 18421 282, 283
dicF 35.5 Division control DicF antisense RNA; inhibits Qin 32240 1208, 1209, 4389, 453
dif 34.2 Deletion-induced filamentation Recombination site in terminus, recA independent 30208 1675, 2354, 2356, 376, 378, 835, 836, 4378
dinB 5.4 Damage inducible dinP; increased mutagenesis, apparently independent of umuDC; SOS related 53389 2232, 526
dinD 82.2 Damage inducible orfY, pcsA, yicD; mutant cs phenotype filamentous with large nucleoid 33582 2200, 2352, 2353, 2664, 3262, 4877
dinF 91.7 Damage inducible Induced by UV and mitomycin C; SOS, lexA regulon 854 2200, 2348, 2928
dinG 17.9 Damage inducible LexA regulated (SOS) repair enzyme 31247 2318, 2518, 2519
dinI 24.1 Damage inducible Multicopy suppresses phenotype of cold-sensitive dinD filamentous mutation 53428 4877
dinY 41.9 Damage inducible Repair gene 36880 3412
dipZ 94.0 Disulfide isomerase cycZ, dsbD, cutA2; may be involved in cytochrome maturation, see ccm genes; affects disulfide binding 34213 1921, 268, 2910, 874, 875
djlA 1.2 DnaJ-like Proposed to dock and interact with variety of membrane proteins; mutants rapidly accumulate suppressors 51192 2188, 769, 770
dksA 3.5 dnaK suppressor msmA; high copy suppresses muk and TS growth and filamentation of dnaK mutant 30521 2122, 4842
dld 47.9 D-Lactate dehydrogenase ldh; D-lactate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.28); vinylglycolate resistance, FAD enzyme 852 2058, 3768, 4012, 626
dmsA 20.3 DMSO reductase DMSO reductase subunit A, anaerobic 17710 353, 354, 3749
dmsB 20.3 DMSO reductase DMSO reductase subunit B; apparent Fe-S binding domain; anaerobic 31724 354, 3749
dmsC 20.3 DMSO reductase DMSO reductase subunit C, membrane bound 31727 354, 3749
dnaA 83.6 DNA DNA biosynthesis; initiation; binding protein 851 1372, 1630, 1631, 1872, 1873, 1875, 2160, 2235, 2272, 2275, 2474, 2927, 2985, 2986, 3051, 3261, 3400, 3541, 3569, 3570, 3809, 3813, 4087, 4300, 4301, 4611, 471, 4910, 1790
dnaB 91.9 DNA groP, grpA, grpD; DNA biosynthesis; chain elongation 850 1406, 2259, 2545, 3126, 3333, 3804, 3951, 4449, 561
dnaC 99.1 DNA dnaD; DNA biosynthesis; initiation and chain elongation 849 2786, 3125, 3753
dnaE 4.4 DNA polC, sdgC (suppressor of dnaG mutation); DNA polymerase III, alpha -subunit 373 1239, 1240, 2194, 296, 3889, 4016, 4424, 4708, 4761
dnaG 69.2 DNA dnaP, parB, sdgA; primase; primer synthesis for leading- and lagging-strand synthesis 847 1531, 2671, 2672, 2673, 3055, 3113, 3125, 3216, 3753, 4105, 4376, 4449, 4578, 4766, 579
dnaI 40.3 DNA DNA biosynthesis 846 334a
dnaJ 0.3 DNA groP, grpC; chain elongation; stress-related DNA biosynthesis, responsive to heat shock; chaperone with DnaK 845 1406, 2069, 231, 3256, 3257, 3258, 3333, 3804, 4252, 4293, 4830, 972
dnaK 0.3 DNA gro, groP, groPAB, groPC, groPF, grpC, grpF, seg; stress-related heat-shock DNA biosynthesis, ATP-regulated binding and release of polypeptide substrates; HSP-70-type molecular chaperone, with DnaJ 844 1143, 1186, 1187, 1875, 2120, 227, 2837, 3035, 3158, 3257, 3332, 3807, 4252, 567, 3697
dnaL 28.9 DNA DNA biosynthesis 843 3982
dnaN 83.6 DNA DNA biosynthesis; sliding clamp subunit, required for high processivity; DNA polymerase III beta  subunit 842 132, 1630, 2194, 2235, 3261, 3626, 3627, 3809, 3810, 3813, 4910, 564
dnaQ 5.1 DNA mutD; DNA polymerase III varepsilon -subunit; streptomycin, azaserine resistant; 3' to 5' proofreading, lexA regulon 840 1047, 1113, 1239, 1706, 1804, 2194, 2730, 2783, 3209, 3568, 3903, 4052, 779, 855, 856, 4331
dnaT 99.1 DNA Primasomal protein i 839 2786, 2787, 3125
dnaX 10.6 DNA mutH, dnaZ; subunit of DNA polymerase III holoenzyme; DNA elongation factor III; tau  and gamma  subunits 838 1264, 1265, 1266, 1669, 1845, 2194, 2228, 2229, 2283, 2421, 2471, 2472, 2511, 2731, 3043, 3753, 398, 399, 4485, 4486, 4885, 701, 912, 913
dppA 79.8 Dipeptide permease alu, tpp?; uptake of dipeptides 35111 3294, 4, 4576
dppB 79.8 Dipeptide permease Uptake of dipeptides 33771 4, 4118, 4576
dppC 79.8 Dipeptide permease Uptake of dipeptides 33768 4, 4118, 4576
dppD 79.8 Dipeptide permease Uptake of dipeptides 33765 4, 4118, 4576
dppF 79.7 Dipeptide permease Uptake of dipeptides 33752 4
dppG 14.0 Dipeptide permease Uptake of dipeptides; dipeptide permease 835 1453, 3384, 997
dps 18.3 DNA-binding protein, stationary phase pexB; stress response DNA-binding protein; starvation induced resistance to H2O2 31650 1226, 2620, 71
dsbA 87.1 Disulfide bond iarA, ppfA; disulfide oxidoreductase, periplasmic protein disulfide-isomerase; role in cytochrome c synthesis (EC 5.3.4.1) 34063 1560, 2243, 229, 230, 2778, 287, 2910, 3549, 3550, 3823, 45, 4805, 4840, 67, 904
dsbB 26.6 Disulfide bond iarB; PDI or PDI-like protein; DTT-sensitive phenotype; periplasm/inner membrane 31933 1560, 1989, 2243, 229, 288, 2960, 3823, 67
dsbC 65.4 Disulfide bond xprA; periplasmic disulfide oxidoreductase, protein disulfide isomerase 33355 2639, 2641, 2962, 4019
dsbG 13.8 Disulfide bond Thiol-disulphide oxidase; multicopy resistance to DTT; mutants accumulate reduced proteins, corrected by DsbA/B overexpression 53792 92
dsdA 53.4 D-Serine deaminase D-Serine deaminase 834 2751, 2846, 2847, 3215, 3339, 436, 48, 642
dsdC 53.3 D-Serine deaminase LysR-type transcriptional regulator; previously cited as D-serine permease; dsdC/X order reversed in different sequence entries 833 2847, 3215, 3339, 436, 48, 642
dsdX 53.4 D-Serine deaminase Homology with gluconate permease; D-serine tolerance; dsdC/A order reversed in different sequence entries 35717 3215
dsrA 43.6 Small RNA Regulatory RNA; positive regulation of promoters sensitive to HNS negative regulation 48173 2249, 4098
dsrB 43.6 Small RNA Regulatory RNA; regulated by DsrA and HNS, under control of RpoS 48176 4099
dut 82.2 dUTPase dnaS, sof; deoxyuridinetriphosphatase (EC 3.6.1.23) 832 2661, 2662, 4154, 4367
dvl 7.4 Dye-visible light? Sensitivity to SDS and toluidine blue plus light 18418 4632
dxs 9.4 Deoxy-xylulose-P synthase DXP synthase; DXP is precursor to isoprenoids, thiamin, pyridoxol 52930 2615, 4166
e14 25.7 Prophage element 14 Defective prophage element; includes loci sfiC, lit, pin, mcrA 18409 2128, 2715, 3447, 3448, 3604, 4544, 511, 512, 625
ebgA 69.4 Evolved beta -galactosidase Cryptic beta -galactoside utilization 830 1607, 4234, 4235, 627
ebgB 69.5 Evolved beta -galactosidase Cryptic beta -galactoside utilization, possible paralog of lacY 18415 1607, 4234
ebgC 69.5 Evolved beta -galactosidase Phospho-beta -D-galactosidase, beta -subunit; cryptic gene 18412 1607
ebgR 69.4 Evolved beta -galactosidase Regulatory gene from ebg cryptic operon 829 1607, 4234
ecfA 67.6 Energy coupling factor With metC mutation, ecf mutation abolishes coupling of energy with active transport 828 4434
eco 49.6 Ecotin Ecotin, serine protease inhibitor 32630 1173
ecpD 3.4 E. coli papD homolog Possible pilin chaperone 30513 3593
eda 41.6 Entner-Douderoff aldolase hga, kdgA, kga; 2-keto-3-deoxygluconate 6-phosphate aldolase (EC 4.1.2.14); 2-keto-4-hydroxyglutarate aldolase 826 1154, 1290
edd 41.6 Entner-Douderoff dehydratase Phosphogluconate dehydratase (EC 4.2.1.12); growth on gluconate 825 1121, 1289, 1290, 4594
efp 94.3 Elongation factor P Elongation factors P and EF-P; prokaryotic 34470 118, 119, 1357
emrA 60.6 E-multidrug resistance Multidrug resistance pump family 33259 2619, 2621
emrB 60.6 E-multidrug resistance Hydrophobic, inner membrane-spanning domains; multidrug resistance pump family 33262 2619, 2621
emrD 83.0 E-multidrug resistance Multidrug resistance pump family 36938 3132
emrE 12.2 E-multidrug resistance envB, mvrC, mon, rodY; multidrug resistance pump family; cell shape; methylviologen sensitivity 36935 2452, 4879, 4880, 300
endA 66.6 Endonuclease DNA-specific endonuclease I; extensive DNA breakdown 824 2002, 4785
eno 62.6 Enolase Enolase (EC 4.2.1.11) 823 158, 2257, 4709
entA 13.5 Enterochelin 2,3-Dihydro-2,3-dihydroxybenzoate dehydrogenase 822 1262, 1777, 2394, 2395, 2581, 3090, 3091, 3424, 4180
entB 13.5 Enterochelin 2,3-Dihydro-2,3-dihydroxybenzoate synthetase 821 1262, 2394, 2395, 3090, 3091, 3326, 5424 
entC 13.5 Enterochelin Isochorismate synthetase 820 1262, 2394, 2395, 2582, 3090, 3091, 3325, 3326, 3424, 4644
entD 13.1 Enterochelin Enterochelin synthetase, component D; facilitates secretion of enterobactin peptide 819 1261, 133, 1534, 2394, 2395, 2400, 786, 787
entE 13.5 Enterochelin Enterochelin synthetase, component E 818 1262, 2394, 2395, 3090, 3091, 3424
entF 13.2 Enterochelin Enterochelin synthetase, component F 817 1262, 2394, 2395, 3415, 3770, 286
envN 4.2 Envelope Affects envelope; defects osmotically remedied 811 1120
envP 90.4 Envelope Affects envelope; defects osmotically remedied 810 1120
envQ 60.7 Envelope Affects envelope; defects osmotically remedied 809 1120
envR 73.5 Envelope acrS; regulatory gene for envCD (acrEF) 33605 2516, 2684
envT 14.2 Envelope Affects envelope; defects osmotically remedied 808 1120
envY 12.6 Envelope Envelope protein involved with thermoregulation of porin 18406 2666, 2668
envZ 76.1 Envelope ompB, perA, tpo; inner membrane osmosensor protein; regulates production of outer membrane proteins 807 1373, 1374, 1610, 1611, 2665, 2978, 2979, 2983, 3349, 3769, 4647, 4662, 4681, 4807, 661, 816
epd 66.2 Erythrose-4-P dehydrogenase gapB; erythrose-4-P dehydrogenase 32089 1071, 3980, 444, 4946, 61
epp E-pentapeptide Minigene within 23S rRNA encoding functional pentapeptide; erythromycin resistance 51135 4383
era 58.2 E. coli ras-like sdgE; GTP-binding protein, essential gene 29010 2498, 25, 4137, 708
esp 17.3 Efficiency site for phage Site for efficient packaging of phage T1 805 1085a
evgA 53.5 E. coli homolog of virulence gene Multicopy on plasmid in envZ-deleted strain induces ompC expression; see evgS 32763 4519
evgS 53.5 E. coli homolog of virulence gene With evgA, two-component regulatory system, environmentally responsive 32766 4519
exbB 67.9 Export Uptake of enterochelin; resistance or sensitivity to colicins; similarity with TolQ 804 1136, 1137, 1254, 1580, 2109, 2136, 2221, 24, 3554, 481, 482
exbC 61.5 Export Uptake of enterochelin; resistance or sensitivity to colicins 803 1580, 3554
exbD 67.9 Export Uptake of enterochelin; resistance or sensitivity to colicins; similarity with TolR 33384 1137, 1254, 1721, 2221, 24, 482
expA 22.2 Export Expression of a group of export proteins 802 944
exuR 69.9 Hexuronate Negative regulatory gene for exu regulon (exu, uxu, uxa) 801 1852, 1853, 2795, 3489, 3490, 3682, 3687
exuT 69.9 Hexuronate Transport of hexuronates 800 1852, 2795, 2796, 3489, 3490, 3682, 382
fabA 21.9 Fatty acid biosynthesis  beta -hydroxydecanoylthioester dehydrase (EC 4.2.1.60) 799 870, 872
fabB 52.6 Fatty acid biosynthesis fabC; beta -ketoacyl-acyl carrier protein synthase I (EC 2.3.1.41) 798 1380, 1381, 4056
fabD 24.8 Fatty acid biosynthesis Malonyl-CoA-acyl carrier protein transacylase (EC 2.3.1.39) 797 1381, 2713, 4579
fabF 24.8 Fatty acid biosynthesis cvc, fabJ, vtr; beta -ketoacyl-acyl carrier protein synthase II (EC 2.3.1.41) 795 1380, 1381, 3621, 4057, 4512
fabG 24.8 Fatty acid biosynthesis 3-Ketoacyl-ACP reductase (EC 1.1.1.100); reuse of fabG synonym for accC 31865 2315, 3253, 3621
fabH 24.7 Fatty acid biosynthesis ACP synthase III 31860 3253, 3466, 4481
fabI 29.1 Fatty acid biosynthesis gts, envM, qmeA; enoyl-ACP reductase, NADH dependent (EC 1.3.1.9) 812 1687, 2251, 321, 322, 4502, 4734, 4735
fabZ 4.4 Fatty acid biosynthesis sefA; 3R-hydroxymyristoyl acyl carrier protein dehydrase 30597 2990, 3212
fadA 86.8 Fatty acid degradation Thiolase I (EC 2.3.1.16) 794 1057, 3099, 4160, 4860, 4862, 762, 926
fadB 86.8 Fatty acid degradation oldB; 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase: 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA epimerase; dodecenoyl-CoA-Delta -isomerase, enoyl-CoA hydratase; fatty acid oxidation complex, alpha -subunit (EC 1.1.1.35, 4.2.1.17, 5.1.2.3, and 5.3.3.8); four activities 793 1057, 3099, 3098, 4160, 4860-4862, 926
fadD 40.7 Fatty acid degradation Acyl-CoA synthetase (EC 6.2.1.3) 792 1336, 371
fadE 4.8 Fatty acid degradation Electron transport flavoprotein of beta -oxidation 791 762
fadH 69.6 Fatty acid degradation 2,4-Dienoyl CoA reductase 54705 1686
fadL 53.0 Fatty acid degradation ttr; fatty acid transport protein, outer membrane 790 3010, 3222, 370, 372, 3796
fadR 26.6 Fatty acid degradation dec, ole, thdB; negative regulatory gene for fad regulon, positive regulator of fabA; regulates aceBAK, glyoxylate shunt 789 1056, 1058, 1204, 1729, 2744, 3, 4073, 4074, 4739, 762
farR 16.5 Fatty acyl responsive Fatty acyl responsive regulator 36837 3566, 551
fatA 71.7 Fatty acid Utilization of trans unsaturated fatty acids 18403 1030
fbaA 66.1 Fructose bis-P aldolase ald, fda; fructose-bisphosphate aldolase 786 326, 3560, 4076, 62
fbaB 46.9 Fructose bis-P aldolase dhnA; fructose 1,6-bisphosphate aldolase 54836 4404, 4076
fbp 96.0 Fructose-bisphosphatase fdp; fructose-bisphosphatase (EC 3.1.3.11) 784 2275, 3961
fcl 45.8 Fucose, FX-like Colanic acid gene cluster, fucose synthetase 55074 113
fcsA 86.9 Filamentous, cold sensitive Cold-sensitive cell division mutant 787 2352
fdhD 88.0 Formate dehydrogenase Homologous to fdnC and -B of Salmonella spp. 33972 2746, 3465, 3912, 4221
fdhE 87.9 Formate dehydrogenase Homologous to fdnC and -B of Salmonella spp. 33978 2746, 3193, 3465, 3912, 4221
fdhF 92.6 Formate dehydrogenase chlF, fdh; formate dehydrogenase-N selenopolypeptide subunit molybdate dependence (EC 1.2.2.1), part of FHL complex 18400 3388, 360, 3736, 4798, 4799, 4964, 4965, 697
fdnG 33.3 Formate dehydrogenase-N Formate dehydrogenase-N major subunit 32160 2527, 312, 313, 314, 3575, 3678, 4221
fdnH 33.4 Formate dehydrogenase-N Formate dehydrogenase-N Fe-S subunit 32164 2527, 312, 313, 314, 3575, 3678, 4221, 859
fdnI 33.4 Formate dehydrogenase-N Formate dehydrogenase-N cytochrome subunit 32168 2527, 312, 313, 314, 3575, 3678, 4221
fdoG 88.0 Formate dehydrogenase-O Formate dehydrogenase-O subunit, major 33985 2, 3465
fdoH 87.9 Formate dehydrogenase-O Formate dehydrogenase-O subunit, Fe-S 33988 2, 3465
fdoI 87.9 Formate dehydrogenase-O Formate dehydrogenase-O subunit cytochrome b556 33991 2, 3465
fdrA 11.8 ftsH dominant rescue In multicopy, suppresses negative ftsH mutations 40877 44
fdx 57.2 Ferredoxin Ferredoxin, cotranscribed with hscBA, presumably cold inducible 32984 2484, 4320, 4321
feaB 31.2 Phenylethylamine padA; catabolism of phenylethylamine 50925 1230, 1629
feaR 31.1 Phenylethylamine maoB; regulates expression of tynA and padA 50928 1230, 1629
fecA 97.3 Iron (citrate dependent) Citrate-dependent iron transport, outer membrane receptor 783 114, 1870, 3536, 4558, 4569, 4629, 4962
fecB 97.2 Iron (citrate dependent) Citrate-dependent iron transport, periplasmic protein 782 1870, 3536, 4190, 4569, 4962
fecC 97.2 Iron (citrate dependent) Transport gene 35620 4190, 4569, 4558
fecD 97.2 Iron (citrate dependent) Citrate-dependent iron transport, membrane bound 18394 3536, 4190, 4569, 4558
fecE 97.2 Iron (citrate dependent) Transport gene 35617 4190, 4569, 4558
fecI 97.3 Iron (citrate dependent) Transport gene mediating induction by iron 35630 114, 4569, 4558
fecR 97.3 Iron (citrate dependent) Regulatory gene mediating induction by iron 35627 4558, 4569
feoA 76.3 Ferrous iron Ferrous iron uptake system 28964 1638, 2107
feoB 76.3 Ferrous iron Membrane protein of ferrous iron uptake system 28967 1638, 2107
fepA 13.1 Ferrienterobactin permease cbr, cbt; outer membrane component of ferribactin transport system 18388 1261, 1863, 2669, 3325, 3416, 3429, 3554, 4013, 4780, 786
fepB 13.4 Ferrienterobactin permease Periplasmic component of ferrienterobactin transport system 18385 3325, 3428, 3429, 4013, 4202, 4780, 486, 501
fepC 13.3 Ferrienterobactin permease Cytoplasmic membrane component of ferrienterobactin transport 4987 3325, 3326, 3428, 4013
fepD 13.4 Ferrienterobactin permease Ferrienterobactin permease, membrane-bound subunit 18382 1863, 3325, 4013
fepE 13.3 Ferrienterobactin permease Ferric enterobactin uptake 18379 3325, 4013
fepG 13.4 Ferrienterobactin permease Ferrienterobactin permease, membrane-bound subunit 31162 717, 4013
fes 13.2 Iron Enterochelin esterase 780 1261, 1777, 1863, 2394, 2395, 3415, 3416, 786
fexB 86.7 F exclusion Affects ArcA phenotype 778 2499
ffh 59.2 54-kDa homolog (4.5S particle) 4.5S-RNP protein; RNP has mammalian protein-targeting counterpart: SRP 33006 2695, 325, 3407, 3419, 3488, 3520
ffs 10.2 4.5S 4.5S rRNA; mammalian counterpart, SRP, includes 4.5S RNA; cotranslational integration of proteins into membrane 18373 1064, 1834, 2695, 534
fhlA 61.5 Formate hydrogen-lyase Transcription factor, formate hydrogen lyase system activator, global regulator, hyc, hyp 18370 1800, 1801, 1957, 3745, 3852, 3853, 3907, 3909
fhlB 95.1 Formate hydrogen-lyase Formate hydrogen-lyase; activated by fhlA 36851 2821
fhuA 3.6 Ferric hydroxamate uptake T1, T5rec, tonA; OMP receptor for ferrichrome, colicin M, and phages T1, T5, and phi 80; energy-coupled transport of Fe3+ via ferrichrome; mutants albomycin resistant 777 1216, 2081, 2219, 2221, 2220, 2652, 2653, 457, 483, 485, 486, 849, 850
fhuB 3.7 Ferric hydroxamate uptake Hydroxamate-dependent iron uptake, cytoplasmic membrane component; mutants albomycin resistant 776 1216, 2081, 2330, 3544, 486
fhuC 3.7 Ferric hydroxamate uptake Hydroxamate-dependent iron uptake, cytoplasmic membrane component; mutants albomycin resistant 11187 1216, 486, 566, 848
fhuD 3.7 Ferric hydroxamate uptake Hydroxamate-dependent iron uptake, cytoplasmic membrane component; mutants albomycin resistant 11184 1216, 3712, 486, 566, 848
fhuE 25.0 Ferric hydroxamate uptake Outer membrane receptor for ferric-rhodotorulic acid 18367 1636, 3881, 3882
fhuF 99.2 Ferric hydroxamate uptake Ferric hydroxamate transport 18364 1639, 3033
fic 75.2 Filamentation-cAMP Filamentation in presence of cyclic AMP, in mutants 18361 2302, 4521
fimA 97.9 Fimbriae fimD, pilA; fimbrin type 1, major structural subunit; phase variation 18358 1142, 1304, 1305, 1634, 2261, 2264, 5
fimB 97.8 Fimbriae pil; recombinase? regulatory gene for fimA 18355 1072, 1142, 1347, 1348, 2262, 2264, 2838
fimC 97.9 Fimbriae pil, pilB; biosynthesis of fimbriae; periplasmic chaperone for type 1 fimbriae 18352 2038, 2263, 2264
fimD 97.9 Fimbriae pil, pilC; export and assembly of type 1 fimbrial outer membrane protein 18349 2264
fimE 97.9 Fimbriae pilH; recombinase? regulatory gene for expression of fimA 18346 1072, 1142, 1347, 1348, 2262, 2838
fimF 98.0 Fimbriae pilD; fimbrin type 1 minor component; fimbrial morphology, assembly 18343 2265, 3779
fimG 98.0 Fimbriae pilD; fimbrin type 1 minor component; pilus length; perhaps inhibits polymerization in pilus assembly 18340 2265, 3779
fimH 98.0 Fimbriae pilE; membrane-specific adhesin (lectin); major fimbrial subunit; mediates mannose-binding 18337 1634, 1655, 2265, 2343, 6
fimI 97.9 Fimbriae Fimbria related 35633 2261
fipB 86.0 F1 phage Morphogenesis of phage F1 18334 2629
fipC 75.0 F1 phage Morphogenesis of phage F1 18331 2629
fis 73.5 Factor for inversion stimulation nbp; transcriptional activator for rRNA operons; bends DNA; interacts with RNAP; nucleoid-associated protein 18328 1195, 1244, 1430, 1456, 1464, 1465, 1496, 170, 2280, 2779, 3403, 3742, 443, 4767, 4814, 4815, 4943
fiu 18.1 Ferric iron uptake Outer membrane protein, ferric iron uptake 18325 1636
fixA 0.9 Sequence similar to those of N-fixation genes Related to carnitine metabolism; amino acid similarity to Rhizobium fix gene 53111 1132, 550
fixB 0.9 Sequence similar to those of N-fixation genes Related to carnitine metabolism; amino acid similarity to Rhizobium fix gene 53114 1132, 550
fixC 1.0 Sequence similar to those of N-fixation genes Related to carnitine metabolism; amino acid similarity to Rhizobium fix gene 53117 1132, 550
fixX 1.0 Sequence similar to those of N-fixation genes Related to carnitine metabolism; amino acid similarity to Rhizobium fix gene 53121 1132, 550
flkB 95.4 FKBP-like Periplasmic PPIase, of FK506-binding protein type (EC 5.2.1.8); contains pipecolic acid residue 48137 3584
fkpA 74.9 FK506-binding protein Protein that binds immunosuppressive drug FK506, a peptidomacrolide, MIP-like 36042 1809, 2964
fldA 15.3 Flavodoxin Flavodoxin 31496 3306
flgA 24.3 Flagella flaU; flagellar synthesis; flagellar regulon member 756 1892, 2305
flgB 24.4 Flagella flbA; flagellar synthesis; flagellar regulon member 750 2309
flgC 24.4 Flagella flaW; flagellar synthesis; flagellar regulon member; basal body protein 754 2309
flgD 24.4 Flagella flaV; flagellar synthesis; flagellar regulon member; basal body rod modification 755 2309, 2307
flgE 24.4 Flagella flaK; flagellar hook subunit protein; flagellar regulon member 766 2308, 2309, 2307
flgF 24.4 Flagella flaX; flagellar synthesis; flagellar regulon member; basal body rod protein 753 2309
flgG 24.4 Flagella flaL; flagellar synthesis; flagellar regulon member; basal body rod protein 765 2307, 2309
flgH 24.5 Flagella flaY; flagellar synthesis, basal body L-ring protein 752 2039, 2309
flgI 24.5 Flagella flaM; flagellar regulon member; basal body P-ring protein 764 2039, 2307, 2309
flgJ 24.5 Flagella flaZ; flagellar synthesis; flagellar regulon member 751 2704
flgK 24.5 Flagella flaS; flagellar synthesis; flagellar regulon member; hook-associated protein I 758 2307
flgL 24.6 Flagella flaT; flagellar synthesis; flagellar regulon member; hook-associated protein 757 2307
flgM 24.3 Flagella anti-sigma factor regulator of FlhD 53436 532
flgN 24.3 Flagella FlgN flagellar synthesis protein 53440 532
flhA 42.3 Flagella flaH; flagellar synthesis; flagellar regulon member 768 2704
flhB 42.3 Flagella flaG; flagellar synthesis; flagellar regulon member 769 2704, 86
flhC 42.6 Flagella flaI; flagellar synthesis; regulatory gene 767 246, 2589, 2590, 40
flhD 42.6 Flagella flbB; regulatory gene, flagellum-specific sigma  factor, transcriptional activator of Fla class II operons 749 246, 2589, 2590, 3547
fliA 43.1 Flagella flaD, rpoF; regulation of late gene expression; sigma  transcription factor for class 3a and 3b operons 771 1925, 2083, 2305, 2369, 2591, 2623, 2704
fliC 43.1 Flagella flaF, hag; flagellin, structural gene; flagellar regulon member 649 1623, 2382, 4316
fliD 43.2 Flagella flbC; hook-associated protein 2, axial family; flagellar regulon member 748 2172
fliE 43.3 Flagella flaN; flagellar synthesis; basal body component 763 2704, 3041
fliF 43.4 Flagella flaBI; flagellar basal body M-ring protein 17707 1891, 2304, 2306, 247, 4065
fliG 43.4 Flagella flaBII; motor switching and energizing 18322 1891, 2304, 2306, 247, 2601, 2785, 3720, 4065
fliH 43.4 Flagella flaBIII; flagellar biosynthesis 18319 1891, 2304, 2306, 247, 4065
fliI 43.4 Flagella flaC; flagellar biosynthesis 772 247
fliJ 43.5 Flagella flaO; flagellar biosynthesis 762 247
fliK 43.5 Flagella flaE; hook filament junction; controls hook length 770 2171, 2172, 247, 2704
fliL 43.5 Flagella flaAI; flagellar biosynthesis 18316 2370, 247, 2739, 3580
fliM 43.5 Flagella cheC, flaA; flagellar synthesis, motor switching and energizing 774 2370, 2785, 777
fliN 43.5 Flagella motD; flagellar switch protein 18313 2739
fliO 43.5 Flagella flbD; flagellar synthesis; flagellar regulon member 17510 2704, 2738, 2739
fliP 43.5 Flagella flaR; flagellar synthesis; flagellar regulon member 759 2738, 2739
fliQ 43.6 Flagella flaQ; flagellar synthesis; flagellar regulon member 760 2739
fliR 43.6 Flagella flaP; flagellar synthesis; flagellar regulon member 761 2738, 2739
fliS 43.2 Flagella Flagellar synthesis; flagellar regulon member 30736 2172
fliT 43.2 Flagella Flagellar synthesis; flagellar regulon member 30739 2172
fliY 43.1 Flagella Not required for motility; may regulate FliA (sigma F) 49936 3080
fliZ 43.1 Flagella Not required for motility; may regulate FliA (sigma F) 49933 3080
flk 52.5 Flagella div; transcribed divergently from pdxB, promoters overlapping, Salmonella homolog functions in sensing flagellar assembly stage 32751 2134, 3930
flu 44.6 Flagella Antigen 43, phase-variable bipartite outer membrane protein; affects surface properties, piliation, colonial morphology; unstable gene 746 1712, 1712a, 2704
fmt 74.0 fMet-tRNA formyltransferase Methionyl-tRNA formyltransferase (EC 2.1.2.9) 33616 1562, 1563, 2748, 2830, 2870, 3609
fnr 30.1 Fumarate-nitrate-reductase frdB, nirA, nirR, ossA; regulatory gene for nitrite and nitrate reductases, hydrogenase, fumarate reductase 745 2878, 3611, 3863, 4008, 4009, 4010, 4153, 4216
focA 20.5 Formate channel Membrane protein 31732 2088, 4294
focB 56.3 Formate channel Membrane protein, formate transporter of hyf operon 55723 108a
folA 1.1 Folate tmrA; trimethoprim resistance; dihydrofolate reductase (EC 1.5.1.3) 744 106, 1962, 3437, 3728, 380, 4014, 4112, 4113, 4114
folC 52.4 Folate Dihydrofolate:folylpolyglutamate synthetase (EC 6.3.2.12) 17704 1228, 3211, 409
folD 12.0 Folate ads; methenyltetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase/cyclohydrolase (EC 1.5.1.5, EC 3.5.4.9) 31127 1052, 932
folE 48.3 Folate GTP cyclohydrolase I 32718 2170
folK 3.4 Folate Dihydro-hydroxymethylpterin pyrophosphokinase 29572 4341
folP 71.6 Folate Dihydropteroate synthase (EC 2.5.1.15) 29566 4312, 910, 911
folX 52.1 Folate Dihydroneopterin triphosphate epimerase 54773 1668
fpr 88.6 Ferredoxin NADP+ reductase mvrA; ferredoxin NADP+ reductase; anaerobic 18127 3002, 344, 4474
frdA 94.4 Fumarate reductase Fumarate reductase flavoprotein subunit (EC 1.3.99.1) 742 1116, 1540, 2041, 2614, 396, 793, 796, 797, 798, 801
frdB 94.4 Fumarate reductase Fumarate reductase iron-sulfur protein subunit (EC 1.3.99.1) 741 1540, 2041, 2614, 663, 796, 797, 801
frdC 94.3 Fumarate reductase Fumarate reductase membrane anchor polypeptide (EC 1.3.99.1) 740 1540, 2041, 2486, 663, 796
frdD 94.3 Fumarate reductase Fumarate reductase membrane anchor polypeptide (EC 1.3.99.1) 739 1540, 2041, 2486, 663, 796
frr 4.2 Factor for ribosome recycling Ribosome recycling factor; essential gene; dissociates ribosomes from mRNA after termination of translation 30590 1739, 1880, 1881, 1991, 4033
fruA 48.7 Fructose ptsF; fructosephosphotransferase enzyme II 350 1396, 3538
fruB 48.7 Fructose fruF; fructosephosphotransferase enzyme III 17515 1396, 3646
fruK 48.7 Fructose fpk, fruF; fructose-1-phosphate kinase (EC 2.7.1.3) 743 1061, 1396, 2925, 428
fruR 1.9 Fructose fruC, shl, cra; regulatory gene for fru operon, other catabolite-regulated genes 18304 1396, 1982, 2324, 3611, 3797, 397
fsr 10.8 Fosmidomycin resistance Amplification confers fosmidomycin resistance 49279 1329
ftn 42.8 Ferritin gen-165, rsgA; ferritin 32521 1846, 1970
ftsA 2.2 Filamentation, temperature sensitive divA; cell division, septation 738 1024, 17, 2036, 2675, 2676, 2689, 279, 3691, 3693, 4274, 4589, 4882, 57, 621
ftsE 77.6 Filamentation, temperature sensitive Cell division; ATP-binding protein 736 1429, 3821
ftsI 2.0 Filamentation, temperature sensitive pbpB, sep; peptidoglycan synthetase; penicillin-binding protein 3 423 1439, 1642, 2071, 279, 2889, 3107
ftsJ 71.7 Filamentation, temperature sensitive Cell division and growth; heat inducible 33511 3250
ftsK 20.1 Filamentation, temperature sensitive Cell division and growth, septation; NA-binding membrane protein; homology with B. subtilis SpoIIIE protein; filamentous growth mutants, suppressed by dacA deletion; promoter region dinH 40896 1046, 2519, 278, 4908
ftsL 2.0 Filamentation, temperature sensitive Cell division and growth; essential gene; cytoplasmic membrane protein 30402 1588, 1929, 2071, 238
ftsN 88.8 Filamentation, temperature sensitive msgA; essential gene; cell division and growth; multicopy suppresses ftsA12 34153 16, 903
ftsQ 2.2 Filamentation, temperature sensitive Cell division and growth of wall at septum 734 1024, 2071, 277, 279, 3691, 3692, 4240, 4882, 57
ftsW 2.1 Filamentation, temperature sensitive Cytoplasmic membrane required for PBP 2 expression; homology to rodA 30409 1896, 2071, 2209, 2210
ftsX 77.6 Filamentation, temperature sensitive ftsS; cell division 18298 1429
ftsY 77.6 Filamentation, temperature sensitive Cell division 18295 1429, 2381, 2656, 3520
ftsZ 2.3 Filamentation, temperature sensitive sfiB, sulB; cell division and growth; initiation of septation; GTP binding protein 143 1024, 1377, 17, 1978, 2036, 2071, 2674, 2677, 2689, 279, 339, 341, 3443, 3516, 3614, 3623, 4274, 4589, 4881, 4882, 57, 621, 901, 902
fucA 63.2 Fucose fucC; L-fuculose-1-phosphate aldolase 17701 2650, 4089, 4955, 669, 713, 714
fucI 63.2 Fucose L-Fucose isomerase 10878 2650, 4955, 713, 714
fucK 63.3 Fucose L-Fuculose kinase (EC 2.7.1.51) 10881 2650, 4955, 713, 714
fucO 63.2 Fucose L-1,2-Propanediol oxidoreductase 17698 2650, 4089, 4955, 713, 714
fucP 63.2 Fucose prd; fucose permease 10875 2650, 4089, 4955, 669, 713, 714
fucR 63.3 Fucose Positive regulatory protein for fuc regulon 10884 2650, 4090, 4955, 713, 714
fumA 36.3 Fumarate Fumarase A, aerobic 18292 1555, 2932, 2933, 3357
fumB 93.6 Fumarate Fumarase B, anaerobic; regulatory gene? 18289 1552, 1555, 292
fumC 36.3 Fumarate Fumarase C, aerobic; member of soxRS regulon 15273 1552, 2568, 3357
fur 15.3 Ferric uptake regulation Ferric iron uptake, negative regulatory gene 18286 1637, 1777, 198, 199, 3178, 3891, 978
fusA 74.8 Fusidic acid far; fusidic acid resistance; protein chain elongation factor G 732 1815, 2383, 3498, 4929
fusB 14.5 Fusidic acid Fusidic acid resistance; pleiotropic effects on RNA synthesis and ribosomes, ribosomal protein S6 731 1923a, 4332a
gabC 60.1  gamma -Aminobutyrate Utilization of GABA as N source; regulatory for gab? 730 1082, 2911, 2912
gabD 60.1  gamma -Aminobutyrate Succinate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase; NADP dependent (EC 1.2.1.16) 729 2911, 2912, 3179
gabP 60.2  gamma -Aminobutyrate GABA permease, membrane protein 728 2239, 2911, 2912
gabT 60.2  gamma -Aminobutyrate Aminobutyrate aminotransferase (EC 2.6.1.19) 727 249, 2911, 2912
gadA 79.0 Glutamate deCase gadS? glutamate decarboxylase (EC 4.1.1.15) 32191 4111
gadB 33.8 Glutamate deCase Glutamate decarboxylase (EC 4.1.1.15) 32194 4111
gadR 79.6 Glutamate deCase Regulatory gene for gat? 726 2670, 2758
galE 17.0 Galactose UDP-galactose 4-epimerase; hexose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase (EC 2.7.7.12) 724 2456, 2485, 31, 4678, 4693, 581
galF 45.5 Galactose wcaN; not required for colanic acid synthesis; putative UTP-glucose-P-uridylyltransferase (galU) regulatory subunit 53092 2771, 4209
galK 17.0 Galactose Galactose resistance; galactokinase (EC 2.7.1.6) 723 225, 2456, 3792, 4285, 4693, 4876, 993, 994
galM 17.0 Galactose Aldose-1-epimerase (mutarotease) 35171 456
galP 66.5 Galactose D-Galactose/H+ symporter 722 4693
galR 64.1 Galactose Repressor of galETK operon; regulates low-affinity transport; Gal repressor 721 1395, 2491, 2708, 3792, 4613, 4691, 4692, 4693, 4953, 584
galS 48.3 Methyl-galactoside mglD? utilization of methylgalactoside; negative regulation of high-affinity transport; Gal isorepressor; represses mgl 499 1395, 3684, 3751, 4693
galT 17.0 Galactose galB; galactose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase; (EC 2.7.7.10) 720 2095, 2371, 2456, 2485, 2491, 4693, 839
galU 27.8 Galactose Glucose-1-P uridylyltransferase (UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase) (EC 2.7.7.9), regulatory 719 1168, 1299, 1547, 3989, 4678, 4704
gapA 40.1 Glyceraldehyde phosphate dehydrogenase gad; glyceraldehyde 3-P dehydrogenase A (EC 1.2.1.12); horizontal transfer? similar to eukaryotic GAPDH 718 1071, 2438, 3149, 3980, 480
gapC 32.1 Glyceraldehyde phosphate dehydrogenase gad; glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase C (EC 1.2.1.12) 53105 1747
garA 15.8 Glucarate D-Glucarate utilization 717 3690
garB 3.6 Glucarate D-Glucarate utilization 716 3690
gatA 46.8 Galactitol Galactitol-specific enzyme IIA of phosphotransferase system (PTS) 715 1015, 2058, 2565, 2925, 3202, 3644, 429
gatB 46.8 Galactitol Galactitol-specific enzyme IIB of PTS 32559 3202
gatC 46.8 Galactitol Galactitol-specific enzyme IIC of PTS 714 2058, 2565, 2925, 3202, 429
gatD 46.8 Galactitol Galactitol-1-phosphate dehydrogenase 713 2058, 2565, 2925, 3202, 429
gatR 46.7 Galactitol Regulatory gene for gat 32562 3202
gatY 46.8 Galactitol D-Tagatose-1,6-bisphosphate aldolase 53142 3202
gatZ 46.8 Galactitol Function unknown 53139 3202
gcd 3.0 Glucose dehydrogenase Glucose dehydrogenase (pyrroloquinoline-quinone) (EC 1.1.99.17); inner membrane 30502 4825, 782
gcl 11.5 Glyoxylate carboligase Glyoxylate carboligase (EC 4.1.1.47) 31107 677
gcpE 56.9 Gene coding for protein E Apparently essential gene 32909 205
gcvA 63.4 Glycine cleavage trans-Acting protein, responsible for glycine-induced activation of gcv, perhaps repression in the presence of inosine 28676 4756, 4757, 4758
gcvH 65.7 Glycine cleavage Glycine cleavage, carrier of aminomethyl group 28664 4192, 4194
gcvP 65.6 Glycine cleavage Glycine dehydrogenase (decarboxylating) (EC 1.4.4.2) 28661 3280
gcvR 56.0 Glycine cleavage Regulatory gene 40204 1416, 1417
gcvT 65.7 Glycine cleavage Aminomethyl transferase, tetrahydrofolate dependent (EC 2.1.2.10) 28667 3280, 4192, 4193
gdhA 39.7 Glutamate dehydrogenase Glutamate dehydrogenase 712 1707, 265, 2857, 3844, 4539, 4540, 853, 968
gef 0.4 Gene expression fatal Small toxic membrane polypeptide; multimeric 30252 2012, 3507, 3508, 3509, 3510
ggt 77.2  gamma -Glutamyltranspeptidase  gamma -Glutamyltranspeptidase (EC 2.3.2.2) 18280 1663, 4303, 4304, 4305, 4306
gidA 84.5 Glucose-inhibited division Glucose effects on cell division, perhaps replication 18277 2275, 3245, 4635, 556
gidB 84.5 Glucose-inhibited division Glucose effects on cell division, perhaps replication 18274 2275, 3180, 3245, 4635
gip 11.5 Glyoxylate-induced protein Induced by glyoxylate, downstream of gcl 49283 677
glcB 67.2 Glycolate Malate synthase G (EC 4.1.3.2) 711 3396
glcC 67.4 Glycolate Regulatory gene 49985 3396
glcD 67.3 Glycolate Regulatory protein, transcriptional activator 49982 3396
glcE 67.3 Glycolate glcF (frameshifted segment of glcE); glycolate oxidase subunit, FeS protein 49979 3396
glcG 67.3 Glycolate Unknown function 49974 3396
gldA 89.1 Glycerol dehydrogenase Glycerol dehydrogenase, NAD+ dependent 34147 395, 4473
glf 45.4 Galactofuranose UDP-galactopyranose mutase (EC 5.4.99.9) 54669 3137
glgA 76.8 Glycogen Glycogen synthase (EC 2.4.1.21) 710 2084, 2364, 2432, 3281, 3721, 3722, 4854
glgB 76.9 Glycogen 1,4-alpha -Glucan branching enzyme (EC 2.4.1.18) 709 196, 2432, 3721, 3722, 3820
glgC 76.9 Glycogen Glucose-1-phosphate adenylyltransferase (EC 2.7.7.27) 708 195, 2432, 3721, 3722, 3281
glgP 76.8 Glycogen  alpha -Glucan phosphorylase (EC 2.4.1.1) 33653 4907, 742
glgS 68.8 Glycogen Glycogen synthesis protein, controlled by sigma S (stationary phase) and cAMP 29727 1719, 4854
glgX 76.9 Glycogen Glycogen debranching enzyme 53576 4854
glk 54.0 Glucokinase Glucokinase; (EC 2.7.1.2) 707 539, 890
glmM 71.6 Glucosamine mrsA; phosphoglucosamine mutase; essential gene; UDP-GlcNAc path, peptidoglycan, lipopolysaccharide synthesis; mRNA stability effects 47201 2893, 4658
glmS 84.3 Glucosamine Glucosamine-6-phosphate synthase (EC 2.6.1.16) 706 3464, 4611, 4635
glmU 84.3 Glucosamine Bifunctional glucosamine-1-phosphate acetyltransferase and N-acetylglucosamine-1-P uridyltransferase 29106 2891, 2892
glmX 26.2 Glucosamine Affects suppression of glmS mutations by nagB 36538 4601
glnA 87.4 Glutamine Glutamine synthetase (EC 6.3.1.2) 705 1579, 192, 2705, 2706, 2710, 2849, 2952, 3072, 3336, 3645, 3695, 3750, 813, 852, 853
glnB 57.9 Glutamine PII regulatory protein for glutamine synthetase 32933 1683, 2578, 4132, 4555, 555
glnD 4.0 Glutamine Uridylyltransferase 704 1359, 4556
glnE 68.9 Glutamine GS adenylyl transferase (EC 2.7.7.42) 33468 4555
glnG 87.3 Glutamine glnT, ntrC; nitrogen regulator I 702 192, 2705, 2706, 2707, 2710, 2849, 2952, 3335, 3336
glnH 18.2 Glutamine Periplasmic glutamine-binding protein 18271 3206, 3207
glnK 10.2 Glutamine Regulated through NRI/NRII two-component regulatory system 38502 4554, 4557
glnL 87.4 Glutamine glnR, ntrB; bifunctional protein kinase/phosphatase nitrogen regulator II, NRII 701 159, 192, 2706, 2707, 2710, 2848, 2849, 2952, 3207, 3336, 3645, 3695, 4510, 711
glnP 18.2 Glutamine L-Glutamate periplasmic binding protein; transport; methionine sulfoximine resistance 700 2792, 3207, 4695, 4696
glnQ 18.2 Glutamine Glutamine high-affinity transport system 18268 3207
glnR 24.1 Glutamine Glutamine transport 699 724
glnS 15.2 Glutamine Glutaminyl-tRNA synthetase (EC 6.1.1.18) 698 136, 3454, 3709, 4846, 1776
glnT 78.0 Glutamine Levels of glutamine tRNA1 and glutamine synthetase 697 3001
glnU 15.0 Glutamine glnUalpha ; suB, supB (ochre [UAA] suppression); glutamine tRNA1, tandem duplication 696 1285, 1915, 2313, 3102, 3103, 3454
glnV 15.0 Glutamine glnValpha ; SuII, Su2, supE (amber suppression); glutamine tRNA2, tandem duplication (VX) 695 1122a, 1285, 1915, 1916, 2313, 3102, 3103, 3454
glnW 15.0 Glutamine glnUbeta ; suB, supB (ochre [UAA] suppression); glutamine tRNA1, tandem duplication (UW) 37440 1122a, 3001
glnX 15.0 Glutamine glnVbeta ; SuII, Su2, supE (amber suppression); glutamine tRNA2, tandem duplication (VX) 37443 1122a, 1285, 1915, 1916, 2313, 3102, 3103, 3454
gloA 37.2 Glyoxalase Glyoxalase I 39135 2703, 952
glpA 50.7 Glycerol phosphate Glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (anaerobic) large subunit (EC 1.1.99.5) 694 1130, 2424, 3936, 799
glpB 50.7 Glycerol phosphate sn-Glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (anaerobic) subunit (EC 1.1.99.5); membrane anchor 17692 1130, 4566, 799
glpC 50.7 Glycerol phosphate sn-Glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (anaerobic) small subunit (EC 1.1.99.5) 17695 1130, 799
glpD 76.7 Glycerol phosphate glyD; glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (aerobic) (EC 1.1.99.5) 693 171, 2491, 3940, 3942, 3947
glpE 76.7 Glycerol phosphate Gene of glp regulon 18265 3942, 4926
glpF 88.7 Glycerol phosphate Glycerol facilitator 692 4313
glpG 76.7 Glycerol phosphate Gene of glp regulon 18262 3942, 4926
glpK 88.7 Glycerol phosphate Glycerol kinase (EC 2.7.1.30) 691 324, 3413, 3414, 3798, 3940, 827
glpQ 50.6 Glycerol phosphate Glycerol-3-phosphate diesterase, periplasmic 690 2424, 2426, 4428
glpR 76.7 Glycerol phosphate Repressor of glp operon 688 3940, 3942, 3950, 4926, 743
glpT 50.6 Glycerol phosphate sn-Glycerol-3-phosphate permease 689 1130, 1138, 1581, 1620, 2424, 2477, 2931, 334, 3936, 4571, 4753, 4827
glpX 88.6 Glycerol phosphate May be involved in glycerol metabolism but not required for growth on glycerol 30884 4474
gltA 16.2 Glutamate glut, icdB; citrate synthase (EC 4.1.3.7) 687 1549, 1708, 1859, 2396, 3151, 3356, 402, 4149, 4741, 4773
gltB 72.3 Glutamate aspB, ossB; glutamate synthase, large subunit (EC 1.4.1.13) 686 1172, 1363, 2644, 3288, 3863, 657, 853
gltD 72.4 Glutamate aspB, ossB; glutamate synthase, small subunit 17689 1363, 3288, 3863, 657
gltE 81.4 Glutamate Glutamyl-tRNA synthetase; possible regulatory subunit 685 3062
gltF 72.4 Glutamate ossB; regulatory gene? 18259 657
gltH 21.8 Glutamate Growth on glutamate 684 2757, 2758, 3897
gltJ 14.8 Glutamate Membrane protein, transport gene 49541 2659, 3308
gltK 14.8 Glutamate Membrane protein, transport gene 49537 2659, 3308
gltL 14.7 Glutamate Membrane protein, transport gene 49528 2659, 3308
gltM 43.0 Glutamate Affects glutamyl-tRNA synthetase level or activity? 683 3062
gltP 92.5 Glutamate Proton-glutamate-aspartate transport protein 34330 1001, 2660, 4423, 4639
gltR 92.3 Glutamate Growth on glutamate at 42°C 682 2758
gltS 82.5 Glutamate Glutamate permease 681 1001, 1002, 1078, 1178, 2098, 2655, 2757, 2758, 2950, 3897
gltT 89.8 Glutamate tgtB; glutamate tRNA2 680 2313, 3446, 3579, 522, 523
gltU 85.0 Glutamate tgtC; glutamate tRNA2 679 2313
gltV 90.7 Glutamate tgtE; glutamate tRNA2 678 2313
gltW 58.8 Glutamate Glutamate tRNA2 677 1146, 2313
gltX 54.3 Glutamate Glutamyl-tRNA synthetase (EC 6.1.1.17) 676 2336, 3851, 498, 539
glyA 57.8 Glycine Serine hydroxymethyltransferase (EC 2.1.2.1) 675 2633, 3444, 3445, 4191, 4522
glyQ 80.2 Glycine glySalpha ; glycyl-tRNA synthetase, alpha -subunit (EC 6.1.1.14) 33775 4127
glyS 80.2 Glycine act, gly, glySbeta ; glycyl-tRNA synthetase, beta -subunit (EC 6.1.1.14) 674 2196, 4127, 502
glyT 90.0 Glycine sumA; glycine tRNA2, UGA suppressionf 673 1849, 2313, 2467, 3743, 90
glyU 64.6 Glycine suA36, sufD, sumA, sumB, supT; glycine tRNA1 672 1122a, 2313
glyV 94.6 Glycine ins, mutA; glycine tRNA3 (VXY) 35636 1122a, 2921, 2313
glyW 42.9 Glycine ins, mutC; glycine tRNA3 670 2313, 2921, 4493, 4494
glyX 94.6 Glycine Glycine tRNA3 (VXY) 35639 2313
glyY 94.6 Glycine Glycine tRNA3 (VXY) 35642 2313
gmd 45.8 GDP-D-mannose dehydratase Fucose biosynthesis; GDP-D-mannose 4,6-dehydratase 51902 4256
gmk 82.3 GMP kinase Guanylate kinase (EC 2.7.4.8) 33871 1401
gmm 45.8 GDP mannose mannosyl hydrolase Guanosine diP mannose mannosyl hydrolase 40934 1307
gnd 45.2 Gluconate-P dehydrogenase Gluconate-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.43) 669 3135, 3138, 3156, 4291, 4768
gntK 77.1 Gluconate Gluconokinase, thermoresistant 35465 1969, 4436, 980
gntP 98.0 Gluconate Membrane protein, homologous to B. subtilis gluconate permease 50203 2266
gntR 77.1 Gluconate Controls gntKU induction, also edd and eda; gluconate transport and P'n 667 1194, 186, 1969, 3391, 3940, 4436, 4970
gntS 96.8 Gluconate Secondary gluconate transport system; putative regulator of GntV 666 186, 1943, 569
gntT 76.4 Gluconate gntM, usgA; high-affinity gluconate transport 668 1942, 3391, 3487, 4826, 981
gntU 77.0 Gluconate Low-affinity gluconate transport protein, membrane protein 35461 1969, 4436, 4826, 980
gntV 96.8 Gluconate Glucokinase, thermosensitive 17686 1942, 569
goaG 29.4 GABA aminotransferase (EC 2.6.1.19) 51935 2066
gor 78.5 GSH oxidoreductase Glutathione oxidoreductase (EC 1.6.4.2) 665 1150, 1513, 270, 964
gph 75.7 Glycolate phosphatase Phosphoglycolate phosphatase activity, in dam operon 53568 2681
gpmA 16.9 Glycerol P mutase Phosphoglycerate mutase 1 35790 456, 958
gpp 85.4 Guanosine pentaphosphatase Guanosine pentaphosphatase activity; exopolyphosphatase 664 289, 58, 926
gprA 0.3 Growth of phage, replication Replication of certain lambdoid phage 15896 3240, 3829
gprB 0.2 Growth of phage, replication Replication of certain lambdoid phage 15890 3240
gpsA 81.5 Glycerol phosphate sn-Glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase [NAD(P)+] (EC 1.1.1.94) 663 3700, 3701, 4032
gpt 5.5 Guanine-xanthine phosphotransferase glyD, gpp, gxu; guanine-xanthine phosphoribosyltransferase (EC 2.4.2.22) 662 1469, 1722, 1979, 3221, 3531, 3662, 535
greA 71.7 Growth restorer? Transcription elongation factor 33506 1166, 1835, 4141, 4142, 4195, 441, 442, 76
greB 76.2 Growth restorer? Transcription elongation factor 35448 1835, 442, 76
groE 94.2 Growth of phage hdh, mop, tabB, groS; operon 13587 See groE, groL
groL 94.2 Growth of phage groEL, mopB; hdh; tabB; chaperone for assembly of enzyme complexes; phage morphogenesis; large subunit 492 1068, 1215, 1407, 1409, 2119, 2393, 2454, 3146, 4416, 573
groS 94.2 Growth of phage groES, mopA; hdh, tabB; small subunit of GroE chaperone 493 1068, 1409, 2119, 2393, 2475, 3146, 4416
grpE 59.2 Growth after phage induction GrpE heat shock protein; mutant survives induction of prophage lambda ; stimulates DnaK ATPase; nucleotide exchange function 660 2569, 3804, 4093, 4252, 4790, 4791
grxA 19.2 Glutaredoxin Glutaredoxin 1 17683 1796, 2337, 3771, 3778, 4350
grxB 24.2 Glutaredoxin Glutaredoxin 2 52078 154, 4595
grxC 81.6 Glutaredoxin Glutaredoxin 3 42921 154, 155
gshA 60.6 GSH, glutathione  gamma -Glutamyl-cysteine synthetase; (EC 6.3.2.2) 659 1368, 1504, 1613, 2853, 3060, 4674
gshB 66.6 GSH, glutathione Glutathione synthetase (EC 6.3.2.3) 33370 966
gsk 10.8 Guanosine kinase Guanosine kinase 658 1653, 1824
gsp 67.6 Glutathionylspermidine Glutathionylspermidine synthetase/amidase; bifunctional protein 36859 420
gsp* 74.6 General secretory pathway operon hopD, hopG; gsp previously used for glutathionylspermidine (see above), cryptic general secretory pathway; pul in Klebsiella spp. 55310 1292
gst 36.9 GSH S-transferase Glutathione S-transferase 37217 3192
guaA 56.7 Guanine GMP synthetase (EC 6.3.4.1) 657 4414, 4503, 955, 4386
guaB 56.7 Guanine guaR; IMP dehydrogenase (EC 1.2.1.14) 656 4399, 4400, 4413, 4503, 955, 4386
guaC 2.4 Guanine GMP reductase (EC 1.6.6.8) 655 110, 2988, 3689
gurB 75.1 Glucuronide Utilization of glucuronides 654 3219
gurC 18.0 Glucuronide Utilization of glucuronides 653 3219
gutM 60.9 Glucitol (sorbitol) Part of srl operon 33198 4824
gutQ 61.0 Glucitol (sorbitol) Part of srl operon; putative ATP-binding protein 33206 4828, 757
gyrA 50.3 Gyrase hisW, nalA, parD, nfxA, norA; nalidixic acid resistance; cold shock regulon; DNA gyrase, subunit A 651 1053, 1626, 1699, 1869, 2046, 2159, 2339, 2900, 2901, 3112, 4189, 4250, 4311, 4475, 4682, 4888, 4893
gyrB 83.5 Gyrase cou, acrB, himB, hisU, nalC, nalD, pcbA, parA; novobiocin, coumermycin resistance; DNA gyrase, subunit B 650 10, 1053, 11, 1397, 2159, 2900, 2901, 2944, 3112, 3304, 4607, 4611, 4831, 9, 4438
hcaA 61.6 HCA, hydrocinnamic acid dig, phd; 3-phenylpropionate dioxygenase 35007 570, 571
hcaB 61.7 HCA, hydrocinnamic acid dig, phd; 3-phenylpropionate-2',3'-dihydrodiol deHase 35010 570, 571
hdeA 78.8 H-NS-determined expression Periplasmic, unknown function, has sigma S-dependent promoter 33734 138, 4894
hdeB 78.8 H-NS-determined expression Periplasmic, unknown function, has sigma S-dependent promoter 33731 138, 4894
hdeD 78.8 H-NS-determined expression Periplasmic, unknown function, has sigma S-dependent promoter 33737 4894
hdhA 36.5 Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase hsdH; 7-alpha -hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.159) 32248 4897
helD 22.1 Helicase srjB; helicase IV 31769 2642, 2883, 2884, 2885, 4774
hemA 27.2 Hemin Neomycin sensitivity; hemin biosynthesis; glutamyl tRNA dehydrogenase 648 1087, 177, 1898, 2528, 4573, 709, 4575
hemB 8.4 Hemin ncf; 5-aminolevulinate dehydratase (EC 4.2.1.24) 647 1111, 19, 2517, 2529, 2530, 2839, 2840, 3297
hemC 86.0 Hemin popE; porphobilinogen deaminase (EC 4.3.1.8); neomycin sensitivity 646 1596, 2052, 2054, 2055, 2405, 2645, 2840, 3870, 3871, 4042, 4401, 60, 926
hemD 85.9 Hemin Uroporphyrinogen III cosynthase; neomycin sensitivity 645 2052, 2053, 3870, 3871, 4042, 926
hemE 90.4 Hemin Uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase (EC 4.1.1.37) 644 1912, 3196, 3874
hemF 55.0 Hemin popB, sec; coproporphyrinogen III oxidase (EC 1.3.3.3) 643 2840, 3037, 4464
hemG 86.9 Hemin Protoporphyrinogen oxidase activity; neomycin sensitivity 642 3197, 3872, 3873, 4853
hemH 10.7 Hemin popA, visA; ferrochelatase (EC 4.99.1.1) 641 1323, 3100, 3101, 2974
hemK 27.3 Hemin Heme biosynthesis 36992 3127
hemL 3.7 Hemin gsa, popC; glutamate-1-semialdehyde aminotransferase (EC 5.4.3.8) 372 1519, 1899, 1900
hemM 27.2 Hemin lolB; glutamyl-tRNA dehydrogenase? novel outer membrane lipoprotein? 31940 1898, 1981, 2815, 2816, 4573, 709
hemX 85.9 Hemin Uroporphyrinogen III methylase 33965 3875, 926
hemY 85.9 Hemin Member of uro (hemC) operon 33969 926
hepA 1.3 Helicase-like protein rapA; sequence similarity to helicases, downstream of polB, not under lexA control 29491 1139, 2519, 4269a, 435
het 84.6 Heterogeneous size cop; possibly structural gene for DNA-binding protein; near ori 640 3249, 4610, 4771
hflA 94.8 High frequency lysogeny Operon including hfq, hflX, -K, -C; part of complex mutL-hflC transcription unit 34429 4487
hflB 71.6 High-frequency lysogenization ftsH, mrsC, tolZ; cell growth, septum formation, lambda  development, mRNA decay; essential inner membrane ATP-dependent protease, acting on SecY 735 1486, 1727, 1728, 221, 3565, 41, 4435, 4657
hflC 94.9 High-frequency lysogenization HflA complex cleaves lambda cII; protease 17520 220, 285
hflK 94.8 High frequency lysogenization HflA complex cleaves lambda cII; protease 639 220, 285
hflX 94.8 High frequency lysogenization HflX GTPase, putative 34423 220, 3203
hfq 94.8 Host factor for Q beta HF-I, host factor for phage Qbeta 34450 2090, 2091, 4024, 4487-4490
hha 10.3 High hemolysin activity Histone-like; downregulates gene expression, stimulates transposition events 31084 1438, 2929, 3182
hipA 34.2 High persistence Probable role in cell division 18244 2882, 3028, 3029, 367, 368, 3902
hipB 34.3 High persistence Probable role in cell division 32207 2882, 367, 368
hisA 45.1 Histidine N-(5'-phospho-L-ribosylformimino)-5-amino-1-(5'-phosphoribosyl)-4-imidazolecarboxamide isomerase (EC 5.3.1.16) 636 1202, 65
hisB 45.1 Histidine Bifunctional enzyme imidazoleglycerolphosphate (IGP) dehydratase, histidinol phosphatase (EC 3.1.3.15, EC 4.2.1.19) 635 1521, 730
hisC 45.1 Histidine Histidinol-phosphate aminotransferase (EC 2.6.1.9) 634 1521, 1522
hisD 45.0 Histidine Histidinol dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.23) 633 542, 65, 731
hisF 45.1 Histidine Cyclase component of IGP synthase complex 631 1202, 1263, 1296, 1376, 1451, 2260, 65
hisG 45.0 Histidine ATP phosphoribosyltransferase (EC 2.4.2.17) 630 1322, 3027, 4572, 542
hisH 45.1 Histidine Amidotransferase component of IGP synthase 629 1263, 1296, 1376, 1451, 2260, 65
hisI 45.2 Histidine Formerly hisE and hisI; bifunctional enzyme PR-ATP pyrophosphatase PR-AMP cyclohydrolase (EC 3.5.4.19, EC 3.6.1.31) 628 65, 731
hisJ 52.3 Histidine Histidine-binding protein of high-affinity histidine transport system 627 126, 2512
hisM 52.2 Histidine Histidine transport membrane protein M 25879 2335
hisP 52.2 Histidine Histidine permease 626 126, 2335, 2512
hisQ 52.2 Histidine Histidine transport gene 32721 126
hisR 85.8 Histidine hisT; histidine tRNA 625 1832, 2313, 2535, 926
hisS 56.8 Histidine Histidyl-tRNA synthetase (EC 6.1.1.21) 624 1140, 1141, 1301
hlpA 4.3 Histone-like protein ompH; firA, orf (skp), skp; histone-like protein HLP-I (cytoplasmic?); early confusion with adjacent lpxD gene 18241 1, 1040, 1773, 1775, 1784, 2429, 2964, 4402, 4403, 706, 804, 1702
hlyE 26.5 Hemolysin (latent) Latent hemolysin expressed in presence of Actinobacillus glyX or fnr mutant 53859 1498
hmp 57.9 Hemoglobin-like fsrB; hemoglobin-like flavoprotein 32917 109, 2879, 2880, 2881, 3482, 3483, 4068
hns 27.8 Histone-like protein, H-NS bglY, cur, drc, drdX, drs, fimG, irk, msyA, osmZ, pilG, topX, virR; H-NS (H1a) DNA-binding protein, histone-like; diverse mutant phenotypes affecting transcription, transposition, inversion, cryptic-gene expression; involved in chromosome organization 960 1041, 1195, 1458, 1750, 2160, 2385, 239, 2482, 2483, 2495, 2828, 327, 3476, 4022, 4146, 4173, 4504, 4507, 4821, 887, 2392, 3599
hofB 2.5 Homologous to fim hopB; homologous to PilB of Pseudomonas aeruginosa; function not established, insertion mutation gives no phenotype 33679 4722
hofC 2.5 Homologous to fim hopC; homologous to PilC of P. aeruginosa; function not established, insertion mutation gives no phenotype 33676 4722
holA 14.4 Holoenzyme DNA polymerase III, delta -subunit 31431 1067, 2194, 3300, 645
holB 24.9 Holoenzyme DNA polymerase III, delta '-subunit 31447 1067, 2194, 3300
holC 96.6 Holoenzyme DNA polymerase III, chi -subunit 31456 2194, 3295, 4808, 644
holD 99.3 Holoenzyme DNA polymerase, psi -subunit 31460 2194, 3295, 4808, 646
holE 41.5 Holoenzyme DNA polymerase III, theta -subunit 31439 2194, 2224, 4097, 4254, 647
hopB 84.7 Host plasmid maintenance hop; also used for hof loci (homologous to Pil genes in Pseudomonas); required for mini-F 37343 3184
hopC 99.4 Host plasmid maintenance Required for maintenance of stable mini-F plasmid; see also hofC 37346 3184
hopD 11 Host plasmid maintenance Required for maintenance of stable mini-F plasmid 37349 3184
hpt 3.0 HGPRT Hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (EC 2.4.2.8) 622 2024, 535
hrpA 31.9 Helicase-related protein RNA helicase-like; similarity to eukaryotic DEAH family 36987 3005
hrpB 3.5 Helicase-related protein RNA helicase-like; similarity to eukaryotic DEAH family and araC 36926 3005, 1331
hrsA 16.5 Heat-responsive suppressor Suppresses ompC mutation's defective thermoresponse 53146 4520
hscA 57.2 Heat shock cognate Stress response gene; Hsp70 family 32977 2179, 2484, 3956, 4583
hscB 57.3 Heat shock cognate Stress response gene; heat shock regulon 40196 2484, 4583
hsdM 98.7 Host specificity hs, hsm, hsp, rm; host DNA modification; DNA methylase M 621 1014, 2608, 3800, 4909
hsdR 98.7 Host specificity hs, hsp, hsr, rm; host DNA restriction; endonuclease R 620 1014, 2608, 3800, 4909
hsdS 98.7 Host specificity hss; specificity determinant for hsdM and hsdR 619 1474, 2608, 3071, 3800, 4909
hslC 19.9 Heat shock locus Protein expressed as heat shock regulon member 36762 749
hslD 24.1 Heat shock locus Protein expressed as heat shock regulon member 36765 749
hslE-H 29.7 Heat shock loci Protein expressed as heat shock regulon member 37190 749
hslJ 31.0 Heat shock locus Protein expressed as heat shock regulon member 41193 323, 749
hslK 40.7 Heat shock locus Protein expressed as heat shock regulon member 36945 749
hslL-N 70.5 Heat shock loci Protein expressed as heat shock regulon member 37449 749
hslO-R 76.0 Heat shock loci Heat shock proteins; HslO is HspG21.0 36769 749
hslU 88.8 Heat shock locus htpI, clpY; heat shock protein D48.5, protease? required for peptide hydrolysis of HslVU; modulated by catabolite repression 34157 1341, 2121, 2208, 2963, 3408, 3713, 4889, 749, 750
hslV 88.8 Heat-shock locus htpO; heat shock regulon 34160 1341, 2121, 2208, 2963, 3713, 4889, 4890, 749, 750
hslW 94.2 Heat shock locus Heat-inducible; regulatory gene, near groE 41190 749
htgA 0.2 High-temperature growth htpY; heat inducible 30233 1987, 2961, 984
htpG 10.7 Heat shock protein Heat shock protein C62.5; chaperone 17680 228
htpX 41.2 Heat shock protein Protein expressed as heat shock regulon member 32320 2327
htrB 24.0 High temperature (requirement) Not under heat shock regulation; membrane protein affecting cell division, growth, and high-temperature survival 31878 2137, 2140, 2141, 781
htrC 90.3 High temperature (requirement) Essential for growth at high temperature, under sigma 32 (heat shock) regulation 34265 2141, 3589
htrE 3.3 High temperature (requirement) Sequence homology with pilin protein PapC 30510 3593
htrL 81.7 High temperature (requirement) RfaH-regulated high-temperature gene 54740 3591
hupA 90.5 HU protein HU-beta , HU-2, histone-like protein 34243 1977, 2125, 2126, 2292, 2391, 422
hupB 9.9 HU protein dpeA, hopD; HU-alpha , HU-1, histone-like protein 18235 1463, 1977, 2124, 2127, 2292, 2391, 2749, 4239
hyaA 22.2 Hydrogenase 1 Hydrogenase 1 small subunit [NiFe] 31781 2897, 2898
hyaB 22.3 Hydrogenase 1 Hydrogenase 1 large subunit [NiFe] 31784 2897, 2898
hyaC 22.3 Hydrogenase 1 Possible membrane-spanning protein of hya operon 31788 2897, 2898
hyaD 22.3 Hydrogenase 1 Processing of HyaA and HyaB 31791 2897, 2898
hyaE 22.3 Hydrogenase 1 Processing of HyaA and HyaB 31794 2897, 2898
hyaF 22.3 Hydrogenase 1 Nickel incorporation in hydrogenase 1 proteins 31797 2897, 2898
hybA 67.7 Hydrogenase 2 hydL, hydC; hydrogenase 2 [Ni, Fe], small subunit, probably 33407 2896
hybB 67.7 Hydrogenase 2 HYD2 cytochrome b type component, probably 33414 2896
hybC 67.7 Hydrogenase 2 Hydrogenase 2 [Ni Fe] large subunit, probably 33418 2896
hybD 67.7 Hydrogenase 2 Processing element for hydrogenase 2, probably 33421 2896
hybE 67.6 Hydrogenase 2 Function undefined 33424 2896
hybF 67.6 Hydrogenase 2 Regulatory gene 33427 2896
hybG 67.6 Hydrogenase 2 May affect maturation of hydrogenase 2 large subunit 33403 2896
hycA 61.4 Hydrogenase 3 Regulatory gene for hyc and hyp; counteracts activation by FhlA 33143 1801, 2554, 3883, 412, 4294
hycB 61.4 Hydrogenase 3 Formate-hydrogenlyase system, formate regulon, small subunit of hydrogenase 3? 33169 3883, 2554
hycC 61.3 Hydrogenase 3 Formate-hydrogenlyase system, formate regulon, small subunit of hydrogenase 3? 33166 3883, 2554
hycD 61.3 Hydrogenase 3 Hydrogenase 3 subunit 33162 3883, 2554
hycE 61.3 Hydrogenase 3 Hydrogenase 3 subunit, large, precursor 33159 3746, 3883
hycF 61.3 Hydrogenase 3 Hydrogenase 3 subunit 33154 3883
hycG 61.2 Hydrogenase 3 Hydrogenase 3 subunit 33151 3883
hycH 61.2 Hydrogenase 3 Required for converting HycE precursor to Hyd-3 subunit 33140 2678, 3883
hycI 61.2 Hydrogenase 3 Maturation protease for Ni-containing Hyd-3 50402 3747
hydA 61.1 Hydrogenase hydNF operon 18232 2145, 2465, 2726, 3376, 3852, 4835
hydG 90.6 Hydrogenase Two-component regulation of Hyd-3 activity 34252 3410, 4231
hydH 90.5 Hydrogenase Two-component regulation of Hyd-3 activity, sensor kinase 34249 4231
hydN 61.1 Hydrogenase Iron-sulfur protein required for Hyd-3 activity 33521 2726
hyfA-J 56.2 Hydrogenase 4 Part of 12-cistron operon encoding putative proton-translocating formate hydrogenlyase system 55682 108a
hyfR 56.3 Hydrogenase 4 Formate-sensing regulator for hyf operon 55719 108a
hypA 61.4 Hydrogenase Formate-hydrogenlyase system; guanine-nucleotide-binding protein, Ni donor for Hyd-3 large subunit 33104 1801, 1976, 2678, 3745
hypB 61.4 Hydrogenase hydE; formate-hydrogenlyase system; formate regulon 33110 1801, 1976, 2678, 2725, 3745
hypC 61.4 Hydrogenase Formate-hydrogenlyase system: formate regulon 33113 1801, 1976, 2678, 3745
hypD 61.4 Hydrogenase hydF; formate-hydrogenlyase system: formate regulon 33116 1801, 1976, 2678, 3745, 3855
hypE 61.5 Hydrogenase hydB; formate-hydrogenlyase system: formate regulon 33119 1801, 1976, 2678, 3745, 3854
hypF 61.1 Hydrogenase Mutation results in loss of hydrogenase activity; affects maturation of all hydrogenases, formate regulon 50120 2726
iadA 98.2 Isoaspartyl dipeptidase Isoaspartyl dipeptidase 53593 1382
iap 62.0 Isozymic alkaline P'ase Aminopeptidase, presumably, that generates alkaline phosphatase isozyme 616 1931, 3120
ibpA 83.3 Inclusion body protein hslT, htpN; chaperone, heat-inducible protein of HSP20 family 33847 2427, 69, 750
ibpB 83.3 Inclusion body protein hslS, htpE; chaperone, heat-inducible protein of HSP20 family 33843 2427, 69, 750
icd 25.7 Isocitrate dehydrogenase icdE; isocitrate dehydrogenase, NADP+-specific (EC 1.1.1.42) 615 124, 1709, 1729, 1753, 625
iclR 91.0 Isocitrate lyase Isocitrate lyase (EC 4.1.3.1) 614 1331, 2744, 3382, 4290, 840
ihfA 38.7 Integration, host factor himA, hid; host infection, mutant lambda ; site-specific recombination; sequence-specific DNA-binding transcriptional activator, IHF, alpha  subunit 638 1156, 1603, 2461, 2860, 2862, 2882, 2939, 2940, 2941, 2942, 2943, 2944, 3231, 4267, 685, 817
ihfB 20.8 Integration, host factor himD, hip; see ihfA, beta  subunit 637 1156, 1258, 1603, 2216, 2461, 2941, 2943, 2944, 4687
ileR 95.8 Isoleucine avr, flrA; Ile repressor; regulation of thr and ilv operons; originally placed at 99.9 min; sequence puts it at 95.8 min 15914 2028, 2029, 4702, 569
ileS 0.5 Isoleucine Isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase (EC 1.1.1.5) 613 2104, 2945, 3640, 4317, 4422, 4820, 4830
ileT 87.0 Isoleucine Isoleucine tRNA1, triplicate (T, U, V) 612 2313, 926
ileU 73.8 Isoleucine Isoleucine tRNA1, triplicate (T, U, V) 611 2313
ileV 4.8 Isoleucine Isoleucine tRNA1, triplicate (T, U, V) 610 1146, 2313
ileX 69.2 Isoleucine Isoleucine tRNA2 17677 3058
ileY 60.0 Isoleucine Isoleucine tRNA2 variant 53508 4837
ilvA 85.2 Isoleucine-valine (requirement) ile; threonine deaminase (EC 4.2.1.16) 609 1086, 1490, 1839, 2445, 3824, 4614, 58, 860, 926
ilvB 83.0 Isoleucine-valine (requirement) Acetolactate synthase I, valine sensitive (EC 4.1.3.18) 608 1309, 1310, 1453, 1667, 2079, 3168, 3169, 3452, 3607, 4006, 4299, 4513, 4705, 681, 960
ilvC 85.3 Isoleucine-valine (requirement) ilvA; ketol-acid reductoisomerase (EC 1.1.1.86) 607 257, 351, 4707, 58, 926
ilvD 85.2 Isoleucine-valine (requirement) Dihydroxyacid dehydrase (EC 4.2.1.9) 606 1086, 1490, 1839, 2445, 317, 58, 860, 926
ilvE 85.1 Isoleucine-valine (requirement) ilvC, ilvJ; branched-chain amino acid aminotransferase (EC 2.6.1.42) 605 1086, 149, 1490, 1839, 2374, 2441, 2445, 316, 4263, 4524, 4706, 613, 860, 926
ilvF 57.0 Isoleucine-valine (requirement) Production of valine-resistant acetolactate synthase activity 604 3452, 960
ilvG 85.1 Isoleucine-valine (requirement) Acetolactate synthase II, valine insensitive (EC 4.1.3.18) 603 1086, 1393, 1437, 1490, 1839, 2441, 2442, 2443, 2444, 2445, 2648, 3131, 316, 3348, 4262, 4263, 4524, 575, 58, 860, 926
ilvH 1.9 Isoleucine-valine (requirement) brnP; acetolactate synthase II, valine sensitive (EC 4.1.3.18) 602 1437, 1453, 184, 1982, 3450, 3607, 4176, 4177, 4299, 4513, 960
ilvI 1.8 Isoleucine-valine (requirement) Acetolactate synthase II, valine sensitive (EC 4.1.3.18) 601 1453, 1666, 184, 3450, 3607, 4176, 4177, 4299, 4513, 960
ilvJ 1.3 Isoleucine-valine (requirement) Acetolactate synthase IV, valine resistant (EC 4.1.3.18) 600 1437, 1975, 3694, 960
ilvM 85.1 Isoleucine-valine (requirement) Acetohydroxy acid synthase II (EC 4.1.3.18); valine insensitive, small subunit 1214 1839, 2445, 2628, 2648, 4706, 860, 926
ilvN 83.0 Isoleucine-valine (requirement) Acetohydroxy acid synthase I, small subunit (EC 4.1.3.18); valine sensitive small subunit; positive regulator for thr and ilv 15441 1310, 4705, 681
ilvR 99.9 Isoleucine-valine 15917 2029
ilvU 6.4 Isoleucine-valine (requirement) Regulation of ileS and modification of Ile tRNA2 and Val tRNA2 599 1214
ilvY 85.2 Isoleucine-valine (requirement) Positive regulator for ilvC 598 351, 3824, 4707, 58, 926
imp 1.2 Increased membrane permeability ostA; permeability of outer membrane to large maltodextrins; antibiotic and detergent sensitivity, stress induced 36754 3828
inaA 50.6 Inducible by acid Protein induced by acid, independent of SoxRS regulation 32692 3737, 4727
inaR 34.8 Inducible by acid Regulates inaA (may be marA or soxZ?) 32696 4727
infA 19.9 Initiation factor hypA1? protein chain initiation factor IF1 17674 3475, 3849, 885, 886, 899
infB 71.4 Initiation factor ssyG; protein chain initiation factor 2, IF2 597 1561, 1928, 2748, 3016, 3108, 3459, 3462, 4026, 4027, 4029
infC 38.8 Initiation factor fit?, srjA; protein chain initiation factor 3, IF3 596 1148, 1601, 2500, 2592, 2829, 3056, 3463, 3527, 3788, 4168, 4710, 4801, 514, 582, 583, 732, 942
inm 79.0 Insensitive NG mutagenesis Susceptibility to mutagenesis by nitrosoguanidine 595 3767
intA 59.4 Integrase slpA; from defective prophage CP4-57 33082 2241, 4455
intB 96.9 Integrase Prophage P4 integrase, defective prophage derivative 53585 394
intD 12.2 Integrase int (qsr'); integrase locus within defective prophage derivative qsr' 31133 3059
isfA 86.0 Inhibits SOS function Regulatory gene; SOS-related 41044 263, 264
ispA 9.5 Isoprenoid synthesis Farnesyl diphosphate synthase (EC 2.5.1.1) 30978 1328, 1330
ispB 71.8 Isoprenoid synthesis cel; octaprenyl diphosphate synthase 35712 150, 3277
katC 6.0 Catalase IS1B and IS20B insertions sensitize to peroxide; deletion or Tn insertion increases resistance 594 4605
katE 39.1 Catalase Catalase hydroperoxidase III 593 2609, 2611, 3898, 3899, 4612
katG 89.1 Catalase Catalase hydrogen peroxidase I 14983 2611, 3036, 3898, 4457, 4592, 4456
kba 71.8 Ketose-bis-phosphate aldolase Ketose-bis-phosphate aldolase, tagatose-bis-phosphate aldolase; part of aga cluster for K+ transport 592 2490, 3649
kbl 81.7 Ketobutyrate ligase 2-Amino-3-ketobutyrate coenzyme A ligase (EC 2.3.1.29) 18205 140, 3620
kch 28.2 Potassium (K+) channel Homology to potassium channel proteins 35309 2026, 2935
kdgK 79.3 Ketodeoxygluconate Ketodeoxygluconokinase (EC 2.7.1.45) 591 3515
kdgR 41.1 Ketodeoxygluconate Regulator of kdgK, kdgT, and eda 590 2047, 3515
kdgT 88.4 Ketodeoxygluconate Ketodeoxygluconate transport system, structural gene 589 2047, 2747, 3465, 3515
kdpA 15.7 Potassium dependence kac; K+-translocating ATPase Kdp subunit 588 1225, 4266, 74
kdpB 15.6 Potassium dependence kac; high-affinity potassium transport 587 4266, 74
kdpC 15.6 Potassium dependence kac; high-affinity potassium transport 586 4266, 74
kdpD 15.5 Potassium dependence kac; sensor kinase for K+-kdp system 585 153, 3117, 3118, 3472, 3555, 4266, 4597, 4633
kdpE 15.5 Potassium dependence Transcriptional effector of kdp operon 31571 153, 3117, 3118, 3472, 4266, 4597, 4633
kdpF 15.7 Potassium dependence Inner membrane protein for K+ transport 35751 1735, 74
kdsA 27.3 KDO synthesis 3-Deoxy-D-manno-octulosonic acid 8-P synthetase 17671 4763, 4764
kdsB 20.9 KDO synthesis CMP-3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonate cytidylyltransferase 18202 1449, 1450, 3420
kdtA 82.0 KDO transfer (to lipid A) waaA; 3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonate-lipid A transferase (EC 2.4.99.-) 33819 293, 3921, 779, 780
kdtB 82.1 KDO transfer (to lipid A) CMP-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonate-lipid A transferase (EC 2.4.99.-) 33900 3726, 4128
kefB 74.9 K efflux trkB; NEM-activatable K+/H+ antiporter 83 1226, 209
kefC 1.0 K efflux trkC; NEM-activatable K+/H+ antiporter 82 1226, 209, 2946, 3050
kgtP 58.7 Ketoglutarate witA; alpha -ketoglutarate permease 32867 3977, 3975, 3976, 3978
kicA 21.0 Kill cell mukE; killing protein 31751 1223, 4844, 4845
kicB 21.0 Kill cell mukF; Suppressor of killing protein 31748 1223, 4845
ksgA 1.1 Kasugamycin S-Adenosylmethionine-6-N',N'-adenosyl (rRNA) dimethyltransferase 583 105, 106, 107, 1711, 380, 4542
ksgB 37.7 Kasugamycin High-level resistance to kasugamycin 582 1042, 1286, 1529, 4144
ksgC 12.0 Kasugamycin Resistance to kasugamycin; affects ribosomal protein S2 581 4896
ksgD 30.9 Kasugamycin Resistance to kasugamycin 580 1286
lacA 7.8 Lactose Thiogalactoside acetyltransferase; (EC 2.3.1.18) 579 1696, 1805
lacI 7.9 Lactose Repressor protein of lac operon 578 1203, 1461, 1811, 2202, 2417, 2492, 2501, 2625, 2626, 2767, 3042, 3217, 331, 335, 3798, 4121, 620
lacY 7.8 Lactose Galactoside permease (M protein) 577 1127, 1685, 1805, 2033, 3042, 3293, 346, 404, 4121, 4647, 549
lacZ 7.8 Lactose  beta -D-Galactosidase (EC 3.2.1.23) 576 1597, 1805, 2033, 2101, 2417, 2781, 4021, 4630
lamB 91.5 Lambda Phage lambda receptor protein; maltose high-affinity uptake system; in malB cluster 575 1152, 1695, 1778, 1779, 1780, 3941, 4394, 488, 778, 814, 987
lar 30.4 Ral inverse rac locus; restriction alleviation 37053 2238, 4439
ldcC 4.5 Lysine decarboxylase Lysine decarboxylase 49257 2217, 4836, 4839
ldhA 31.0 Lactate dehydrogenase hslF, hslI, htpH; lactate dehydrogenase 37446 2800, 749, 561a
lepA 58.3 Leader peptidase GTP binding membrane protein, function unknown; lep 18199 1039, 2754, 2755, 4062
lepB 58.3 Leader peptidase Signal peptidase I (for nonlipoproteins) 573 2754, 4769, 906, 4062
leuA 1.8 Leucine (biosynthesis)  alpha -Isopropylmalate synthase (EC 4.1.3.12) 572 1399, 4711, 963, 245
leuB 1.7 Leucine (biosynthesis)  beta -Isopropylmalate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.85) 571 963
leuC 1.7 Leucine (biosynthesis)  alpha -Isopropylmalate isomerase subunit 570 963
leuD 1.7 Leucine (biosynthesis)  alpha -Isopropylmalate isomerase subunit 569 963
leuJ 13.7 Leucine (biosynthesis) flr; regulation of leu and ilv operons 18196 2028
leuO 1.8 Leucine (biosynthesis) Affects expression of small regulatory Dsr-RNA, translational regulation of rpoS, relieves bgl silencing 35918 2249, 4025, 4506
leuP 99.2 Leucine leuVbeta tandemly triplicate leuVPQ, duplicate with leuT; leucine tRNA1 38293 2313
leuQ 99.2 Leucine leuVgamma tandemly triplicate, and duplicate with leuT; leucine tRNA1 38296 2313
leuR 79.3 Leucine Regulates level of leucyl-tRNA synthetase 567 4392
leuS 14.5 Leucine Leucyl-tRNA synthetase (EC 6.1.1.4) 566 1658, 4157
leuT 85.8 Leucine Leucine tRNA1, duplicate with leuVPQ 565 1832, 2313, 926
leuU 71.6 Leucine Leucine tRNA2 564 2313, 4631
leuV 99.2 Leucine leuValpha leucine tRNA1, tandemly triplicate leuVPQ, duplicate with leuT 563 1095, 1285, 2313
leuW 15.0 Leucine feeB; leucine tRNA3 562 2313, 3102, 3103, 3454, 460, 703
leuX 96.9 Leucine Su-6, supP; leucine tRNA5 (amber [UAG] suppressor) 561 1122a, 135, 2313, 3210, 4407, 4409, 4899
leuY 9.5 Leucine Regulates level of leucyl-tRNA synthetase 560 2420
leuZ 42.9 Leucine Leucine tRNA4 17668 2313
lev 9.0 Levallorphan Resistance to levallorphan 559 916
lexA 91.7 Lambda excision exrA, recA, spr, umuA; global regulator for SOS regulon (represses ca. 20 genes) 558 1654, 1755, 1802, 2575, 2576, 2765, 2928, 4017, 479, 496, 497
lgt 63.9 (Pro)lipoprotein glyceryl transferase umpA; phosphatidylglycerol:prolipoprotein diacylglycerol transferase 33350 1352, 3561, 3562, 4743
lhr 37.2 Long helicase related protein Probable ATP-dependent helicase 35720 3656
ligA 54.5 Ligase lig, dnaL, pdeC; DNA ligase 557 1398, 1932, 1959
ligT 3.5 Ligase tRNA Name temporary, not published; 2'-5' RNA ligase 50132 134
linB 29.3 Lincomycin High-level lincomycin resistance 556 120
lipA 14.2 Lipoate Lipoate biosynthesis 31534 1672, 1673, 3632, 4563
lipB 14.2 Lipoate Lipoyl-protein ligase 555 3014, 3632, 4157, 4563, 681
lit 25.8 Late induced T4 Locus within defective prophage e14; expression of T4 late genes 554 2128, 2129, 829
livF 77.4 Leucine, isoleucine, valine (transport) Membrane protein 33713 14
livG 77.4 Leucine, isoleucine, valine (transport) hrbB, hrbC, hrbD; high-affinity branched-chain amino acid transport system; membrane component 553 14, 1657, 3141, 3323, 4850
livH 77.5 Leucine, isoleucine, valine (transport) hrbB, hrbC, hrbD; high-affinity branched-chain amino acid transport system; membrane component 552 14, 3142, 3323, 4850, 98
livJ 77.5 Leucine, isoleucine, valine (transport) hrbB, hrbC, hrbD; binding protein, high-affinity branched-chain amino acid transport system 551 14, 2406, 3317, 3323, 4418, 4850, 98
livK 77.5 Leucine, isoleucine, valine (transport) hrbB, hrbC, hrbD; leucine-specific periplasmic binding protein, high-affinity branched-chain amino acid transport 550 14, 2406, 3141, 3142, 332, 3323, 4418, 4850, 98
livM 77.4 Leucine, isoleucine, valine (transport) High-affinity transport system 18190 14, 3141, 3142
lldD 81.4 L-Lactose dehydrogenase lct, lctD; L-lactate dehydrogenase, FMN dependent (EC 1.1.1.27); Arc regulon 574 1066, 1951, 2556, 4012
lldP 81.4 L-Lactose dehydrogenase lctP; L-lactate permease 35161 1066, 1951, 2556, 4012, 4128 
lldR 81.4 L-Lactose dehydrogenase lctR; regulatory gene 35164 1066, 2556, 4012, 4128 
lolA 20.2 Localization OM lipoproteins Periplasmic protein responsible for sorting and transporting lipoproteins to outer membrane 53417 2815, 2816
lon 9.9 Long form capR, deg, dir, muc; DNA-binding, ATP-dependent protease LA; lon mutants form long cells 547 1063, 1297, 1324, 1392, 20, 2768, 2769, 2823, 2992, 3929, 4924, 4925, 682, 733, 752, 4396
lpcA 5.4 Lipopolysaccharide core gmhA; phosphoheptose isomerase, T-phage resistance 546 1698, 4562, 517
lpcB 68.0 Lipopolysaccharide core mrc, pon; T-phage resistance, novobiocin sensitivity 545
lpd 2.8 Lipoamide dehydrogenase dhl; lipoamide dehydrogenase (NADH) (EC 1.8.1.4) 544 1553, 1556, 1558, 2415, 2416, 4199, 4150, 4203, 655, 866
lplA 99.6 Lipoprotein ligase slr; lipoate-protein ligase A; selenolipoate resistant 33052 3013, 3014, 3633
lpp 37.8 Lipoprotein mlpA; murein lipoprotein structural gene 543 1420, 1529, 1671, 3109, 3110, 4792, 4819, 487, 4971, 3748a
lpxA 4.4 Lipid A expression UDP-N-acetylglucosamine acetyltransferase 17665 1346, 4747, 804, 876, 877
lpxB 4.4 Lipid A expression pgsB; lipid A disaccharide synthase 404 4424, 804, 876, 877
lpxC 2.3 Lipid A expression asmA; envA; essential gene; cell envelope and cell separation 815 2071, 2273, 260, 2675, 2676, 2911, 3091, 3921, 4139, 4275, 4903
lpxD 4.3 Lipid A expression fir, firA, hlpA, omsA, skp, ssc; UDP-3-O-(R-3-hydroxymyristoyl)-glucosamine N-acyltransferase 775 1, 1040, 1773, 1775, 2193, 3761, 3921, 804, 1702
lpxK 20.9 Lipid A expression Lipid A 4' kinase 51784 1375
lrb 7.3 L-Ribose (utilization) Affects NADPH-linked L-ribose reductase activity 36791 4459
lrhA 51.8 LysR homolog genR; regulatory protein, similar to LysR family 32685 421
lrp 20.1 Leucine regulatory protein mbf, ihb, livR, lrs, lss, lstR, oppI, rblA; high-affinity branched-chain amino acid transport system; global regulatory protein, Leu responsive; site-specific blocking of methylation 549 100, 117, 1349, 2416, 2555, 2558, 3167, 3450, 3660, 4516, 4551, 473, 4748, 883, 1627
lspA 0.5 Lipoprotein signal peptidase dapB, ileS; prolipoprotein signal peptidase (EC 3.4.99.-) 11326 1913, 2104, 2945, 3640, 4422, 466, 4820, 4829, 4830, 4905
lysA 64.1 Lysine Diaminopimelate decarboxylase (EC 4.1.1.20) 540 4247, 4249, 716
lysC 91.2 Lysine apk; aspartokinase III (EC 1.1.1.3) 539 467, 652, 653
lysP 48.4 Lysine cadR; lysine permease 942 3143, 3485, 4198, 4325
lysQ 16.8 Lysine Lysine tRNA (multiple loci, see lysT) 51037 2313
lysR 64.2 Lysine LysR, prototype of family of global transcriptional regulators 18187 4248
lysS 65.3 Lysine asuD herC; lysyl tRNA synthetase, constitutive 17662 1122a, 1151, 1351, 1383, 1771, 1946, 2173, 686, 768
lysT 16.8 Lysine Subeta , lysTalpha , supG, supL (ochre suppression); lysine tRNA (multiple loci, lysQTVWYZ) 537 1122a, 1285, 2313, 3530, 4898
lysU 93.8 Lysine Lysyl tRNA synthetase, inducible 16693 1394, 1946, 1948, 2508, 4541, 686, 268
lysV 54.3 Lysine supN; lysine tRNA (multiple loci, see lysT) 132 1122a, 2313, 3238, 4509, 539
lysW 16.8 Lysine lysTbeta ; lysine tRNA (multiple loci, see lysT) 28352 2313
lysX 63.3 Lysine Lysine excretion 536 2007, 2008
lysY 16.8 Lysine lysTgamma ; lysine tRNA (multiple loci, see lysT) 51031 2313
lysZ 16.8 Lysine lysine tRNA (multiple loci, see lysT) 51034 2313
lytA 60.6 Lytic Tolerance to beta -lactams; autolysis 18184 1649, 1651, 2380, 4035
lytB 0.6 Lytic Penicillin tolerance and stringent response effects 34696 1575, 1651, 2380, 3506, 466
lyx 80.7 Lyxose Novel pathway for utilization of lyxose via xylulose through rhamnose and pentose pathways; xylulose kinase 36908 2437, 3843
maa 10.3 Maltose acetylase mac; maltose transacetylase 36808 477
mac 26.5 Macrolide Macrolide resistance, erythromycin resistance; see also maa 535 4143
mae 33.5 Malic enzyme May be sfcA; malic enzyme, NAD linked (EC 1.1.1.38) 36710 2719
mafA 0.9 Maintenance of F Maintenance of F-like plasmids 534 3249, 3313, 4625-4628
mafB 1.9 Maintenance of F Maintenance of F-like plasmids 533 4625
malA 76.4 Maltose malQPT cluster 23561 1781
malB 91.5 Maltose malG-M cluster 18924
malE 91.5 Maltose Maltose-binding protein, periplasmic; substrate recognition for transport and chemotaxis 532 1103, 1224, 1293, 271, 272, 273, 274, 3265, 329, 330, 3644, 3668, 810
malF 91.4 Maltose Maltose transport complex, inner membrane-spanning subunit 531 1128, 1320, 2850, 3798
malG 91.4 Maltose Maltose/maltodextrin transport complex, inner membrane-spanning subunit 530 1224, 1295, 3798, 943
malI 36.6 Maltose Regulatory gene whose product has homology to repressors LacI, GalR, CytR 18181 1129, 3642
malK 91.5 Maltose malB; maltose transport complex, ATP-binding subunit 529 1224, 1431, 1701, 271, 272, 274, 3265, 3798, 4394, 814
malM 91.5 Maltose molA; periplasmic protein 18178 1432
malP 76.5 Maltose blu; maltodextrin phosphorylase (EC 2.4.1.1) 528 1778, 1779, 1781, 3340, 3588, 3706, 3940, 990
malQ 76.4 Maltose Amylomaltase (EC 2.4.1.25) 527 1778, 1779, 1781, 3551, 3940
malS 80.5 Maltose  alpha -Amylase, periplasmic, MalT dependent 17659 1306, 3922
malT 76.5 Maltose Lambda sensitivity; positive regulator for mal regulon 526 1224, 1778, 1779, 1780, 1781, 3587, 3588, 3669, 800, 928, 931, 988, 989, 990
malX 36.6 Maltose PTS enzyme II homolog; malI regulated 32254 3643
malY 36.6 Maltose Affects induction of maltose system 32257 3643, 4922
malZ 9.1 Maltose Maltodextrin glucosidase 29868 2651, 3394, 4352
manA 36.4 Mannose pmi; mannosephosphate isomerase (EC 5.3.1.8) 525 2024, 2491, 2932, 2933, 3207, 386
manC 87.6 Mannose mni; D-mannose isomerase 524 4207
manX 41.0 Mannose gptB, mpt, ptsL, ptsM, ptsX; mannose phosphotransferase system, protein II-A (III) 17656 1169, 1171, 3344, 4745
manY 41.0 Mannose pel, ptsM, ptsP 18175 1169, 1171, 1844, 3344, 4745
manZ 41.0 Mannose gptB, mpt, ptsM, ptsX; mannosephosphotransferase enzyme IIB 346 1844, 3344, 4745, 890
map 4.1 Methionine aminopeptidase (EC 3.4.11.18) 30569 294, 676
marA 34.9 Multiple antibiotic resistance soxQ, cfxB? nfxC, norB? resistance to tetracycline, other antibiotics; transcription activator of multiple antibiotic resistance system 18172 130, 1350, 1403, 1448, 1505, 1591, 1592, 1984, 2780, 3737, 4724, 790, 791
marB 34.9 Multiple antibiotic resistance Regulatory gene for mar 32217 130, 1448, 3737, 790
marR 34.9 Multiple antibiotic resistance cfxB, soxQ; repressor of mar operon 30935 130, 1448, 2780, 3737, 4271, 790
mbrB 88.6 Mothball resistant Resistance to camphor vapors; coupling of cell division and replication, growth rate and partitioning 36929 4468, 4469
mcrA 26.1 Methylcytosine restriction rglA; within defective prophage e14; restriction of DNA at 5-methylcytosine residues 10961 3602, 3603, 3604, 3618, 1759
mcrB 98.6 Methylcytosine restriction rglB; restriction of DNA at 5-methylcytosine residues 4978 1050, 2350, 3602, 3603, 3604, 3739, 3740, 3741
mcrC 98.6 Methylcytosine restriction Modifies specificity of McrB restriction 34613 1050, 2350, 3603, 3740
mcrD 98.6 Methylcytosine restriction Inhibits McrE restriction resistance to DMP840, adriamycin, etoposide; possibly modulates Topo IV activity 34616 3603, 3740
mdaB 68.3 Modulator of drug activity 53544 688
mdh 72.9 MDH Malate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.37) 523 1227, 2831, 4298, 4598
mdoA 23.9 Membrane-derived oligosaccharide modGH operon 4970
mdoB 99.0 Membrane-derived oligosaccharide Phosphoglycerol transferase I activity 18169 1234, 1974, 569
mdoG 23.9 Membrane-derived oligosaccharide mdoA; periplasmic oligosaccharide synthesis 31849 1235, 2387, 2388, 2636, 411
mdoH 23.9 Membrane-derived oligosaccharide mdoA; membrane glycosyltransferase 31852 1235, 2387, 2388, 2636, 411
meb 78.7 malE bypass Suppressor of malE secB-defective transport of mal-binding protein 28194 1293
melA 93.5 Melibiose mel-7; alpha -galactosidase (EC 3.2.1.22) 522 1624, 2185, 2501, 2548, 4031, 4685
melB 93.6 Melibiose mel-4; thiomethylgalactoside permease II 521 1624, 2185, 2501, 252, 4878
melR 93.5 Melibiose Regulatory 18166 2501, 462, 4685, 659
menA 88.7 Menaquinone (vitamin K2) Dimethylmenaquinone formation in vitamin K2 biosynthesis 520 3465, E
menB 51.2 Menaquinone 1,4-Dihydroxy-2-naphthoate synthase 519 1548, 1550, 3997, 4007, 4011
menC 51.2 Menaquinone o-Succinylbenzoate synthase II 518 1548, 1550, 310, 4007, 4011
menD 51.2 Menaquinone o-Succinylbenzoate synthase I (EC 4.1.3.-) 517 1548, 1550, 3338, 3486, 4007, 4011
menE 51.1 Menaquinone o-Succinylbenzoate-CoA synthase 17653 2384, 3998, 4011
menF 51.2 Menaquinone Menaquinone pathway-specific isochorismate synthase 35955 3040, 310, 936
mepA 52.7 Murein peptidase Murein DD-endopeptidase 17650 1890, 2184
mesJ 4.6 Cell cycle protein 49262 3423a
metA 90.8 Methionine Homoserine transsuccinylase (EC 2.3.1.46) 516 1094, 2919, 2920, 358, 35
metB 88.9 Methionine met1, met-1; cystathionine gamma -synthase (EC 4.2.99.9) 515 1093, 1508, 1509, 2242, 2347, 2547, 3802, 4917
metC 67.9 Methionine Cystathionine beta -lyase; (EC 4.4.1.8) 514 284, 2918
metD 4.8 Methionine Methionine sulfoximine sensitivity, D-methionine transport 513 2078
metE 86.5 Methionine Tetrahydropteroyltriglutamate methyltransferase (EC 2.1.1.14) 512 3284, 58, 66, 926
metF 89.0 Methionine 5,10-Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (EC 1.1.1.68) 511 1509, 2242, 2347, 3802, 3803, 4454, 4917
metG 47.3 Methionine Methionyl-tRNA synthetase; ethionine effects 510 125, 929, 930
metH 91.0 Methionine B12-dependent homocysteine-N5-methyltetrahydrofolate transmethylase 509 218, 2756, 3283, 3284
metJ 88.9 Methionine Methionine sulfoximine plus methylmethionine sensitivity; repressor 508 1509, 2078, 2242, 2336, 2347, 2547, 3802, 4109, 4917
metK 66.5 Methionine Methionine adenosyltransferase (EC 2.5.1.6); ethionine sensitivity 507 1510, 1598, 2336, 2766, 3878, 472
metL 89.0 Methionine metM; aspartokinase II-homoserine dehydrogenase II 506 1093, 1508, 1509, 2242, 2347, 3802, 3877, 4916, 4917, 789, 953
metR 86.4 Methionine Positive regulatory gene for metE and metH and autogenous regulation 18163 2825, 4515, 4703, 601, 926, 4515
metT 15.0 Methionine metTalpha ; duplicate gene; methionine tRNAm; see metU 505 1285, 1915, 2313, 3102, 3103, 3454
metU 15.0 Methionine metTbeta ; duplicate gene; methionine tRNAm 28349 2313
metV 63.5 Methionine metZbeta ; triplicate gene; initiator methionine tRNAf1 (metVWZ) 35659 2198, 2199, 2313
metW 63.5 Methionine Triplicate gene; methionine tRNAf1 35656 2313, 2198
metY 71.5 Methionine Methionine tRNAf2 504 1487, 1927, 1928, 2197, 2313
metZ 63.5 Methionine metZalpha ; triplicate gene; initiator methionine tRNAf1; metVWZ 503 2198, 2199, 2313, 3085
mfd 25.2 Mutation frequency decline Transcription repair coupling factor 35179 3964-3969
mglA 48.2 Methyl-galactoside mglP; PMG; methyl-galactoside transport and galactose taxis; cytoplasmic membrane protein 502 1158, 1645, 1783, 2925, 3156, 3302, 3751, 3932, 428, 429, 758
mglB 48.2 Methyl-galactoside PMG; galactose-binding protein; receptor for galactose taxis 501 1158, 1645, 1783, 2925, 3156, 3302, 3751, 3932, 3938, 3954, 758
mglC 48.2 Methyl-galactoside mglP; PMG; methyl-galactoside transport and galactose taxis 500 1158, 1645, 1783, 2925, 3156, 3302, 3751, 758
mglR 16.9 Methyl-galactoside R-MG; regulatory gene 498 1354
mgsA 22.1b Methylglyoxal synthase Methylglyoxal synthase (not shown on map) 57077 4444a
mgtA 96.2 Magnesium transport corB; cobalt resistance, magnesium transport 497 3353, 569
mhpA 7.9 m-Hydroxyphenylpropionic acid 3-(3-Hydroxyphenyl)propionate 2-hydroxylase; utilizes MHP 29024 1229, 570, 571
mhpB 8.0 m-Hydroxyphenylpropionic acid 3-(2,3-Dihydroxyphenyl)propionate dioxygenase; utilizes MHP 29027 1229, 4147, 570, 571
mhpC 8.0 m-Hydroxyphenylpropionic acid Dihydroxyphenylpropionate-ring-fission-product hydrolase; utilizes MHP 29030 1229, 570, 571
mhpD 8.0 m-Hydroxyphenylpropionic acid mhpS; 2-keto-4-pentenoate hydratase; utilizes MHP 29033 1229, 570, 571
mhpE 8.0 m-Hydroxyphenylpropionic acid 4-Hydroxy-2-oxovalerate aldolase; utilizes MHP 51197 1229
mhpF 8.0 m-Hydroxyphenylpropionic acid Acetaldehyde dehydrogenase, acylating; utilizes MHP 53814 1228, 1229
mhpR 7.9 m-Hydroxyphenylpropionic acid Regulatory gene for MHP utilization 29021 1228, 1229, 570, 571
miaA 94.8 Me-isopentyl-adenine trpX; 2-methylthio-N6-isopentyladenosine tRNA hypermodification 18160 1345, 4487, 4489, 4490, 563, 605, 825, 826 
miaD 99.6 Me-isopentyl-adenine Suppresses leaky miaA(Oc) mutation 35254 826
micF 49.8 mRNA interfering cRNA stc; regulatory antisense RNA affecting ompF; member of soxRS regulon 18157 2955, 2982, 3008, 3608, 3918, 4309, 4520, 93, 4335
minB 26.4 Minicell min operon; formation of minicells containing no DNA; positioning division septum 495 3895, 954, 971a
minC 26.4 Minicell Inhibition of FtsZ ring at division site 31329 340, 3614, 970, 971, 971a
minD 26.4 Minicell Affects cell division and growth; membrane ATPase that activates MinC 31326 2386, 340, 3614, 948, 969, 970, 971a
minE 26.4 Minicell Reverses inhibition by MinC of FtsZ ring 31317 3614, 948, 970, 993, 971a
mioC 84.6 Minimal origin Initiation of replication; transcription of 16-kDa protein proceeds through oriC 18154 2603, 2606, 3245, 408
mltA 63.5 Membrane-bound lytic transglycosylase waaN; lipoprotein lytic transglycosylase; membrane-bound murein hydrolase, affecting sacculus maturation 53524 1789, 2618, 4517
mltB 60.8 Membrane-bound lytic transglycosylase slt; murein hydrolase lipoprotein; Slt35, soluble lytic transglycosylase 41040 1124, 1154, 1789, 1048a
mltC 66.9 Membrane-bound lytic transglycosylase Peptidoglycan hydrolase activity, lytic transglycosylase family 54700 1049
mltD 5.0 Membrane-bound lytic transglycosylase dniR (dissimilatory nitrite reductase); reduced amounts of hexaheme nitrite reductase; membrane transglycosylase 1575 2089
mmrA 85.4 Minimal medium recovery Same as rhlB? RNA helicase motif 18151 2099, 3993, 926, 4508
mms 69.2 Macromolecular synthesis Complex operon, macromolecular synthesis 36863 3154
mng 40.0 Manganese Manganese resistance 494 4063
moaA 17.6 Molybdenate bisA, chlA, narA; MPT synthesis; chlorate resistance protein A 922 1003, 1245, 1434, 18, 187, 2030, 207, 2402, 3534, 3986, 4570, 72
moaB 17.6 Molybdenate MPT synthesis; chlorate resistance protein B 31222 3986
moaC 17.6 Molybdenate MPT synthesis; chlorate resistance protein C 31225 3986
moaD 17.6 Molybdenate chlM; MPT synthesis; chlorate resistance 18475 2030, 3986, 4373
moaE 17.6 Molybdenate MPT synthesis; chlorate resistance 31228 3986
mobA 87.1 Molybdenum chlB, narB; MPT guanine dinucleotide synthesis; chlorate resistance 921 1003, 1245, 1434, 18, 187, 1922, 2402, 3342, 3343, 3465, 3534, 3749, 3986, 654
mobB 87.0 Molybdenum Molybdenum cofactor biosynthesis, putative nucleotide binding site 43961 1922, 3343
moc 31.9 Modification of CCA Modification of CCA at 3' end of tRNA 36923 3237
modA 17.1 Molybdenum Molybdate uptake; chlorate resistance; periplasmic molybdate binding protein 37372 2060, 2820, 2973, 4634
modB 17.1 Molybdenum chlJ; molybdate uptake; chlorate resistance; membrane-spanning ABC protein 18478 2025, 2060, 2820, 2973, 3630, 3986, 4634
modC 17.2 Molybdenum chlD, narD; molybdate uptake; chlorate resistance 920 1003, 1245, 1434, 18, 187, 2025, 2060, 2820, 2973, 3630, 3986, 4634
modE 17.1 Molybdenum chlD, modR, narD; molybdate uptake 37366 1539, 2855, 4634
modF 17.1 Molybdenum chlD, narD, phrA; molybdate uptake 37369 1539, 4634
moeA 18.6 Molybdenum bisB, chlE; MPT synthesis; chlorate resistance 919 1003, 1245, 1434, 1664, 18, 187, 2030, 2402, 3208, 3378, 3534, 3986, 4219
moeB 18.6 Molybdenum chlN; MPT synthesis; chlorate resistance 18472 2030, 3208, 3986, 4373
mog 0.2 Molybdenum bisD, chlG; unknown function; chlorate resistance 917 1003, 1245, 1434, 18, 187, 2003, 2004, 2060, 3986, 4219
molR 47.3 Molybdate Unknown function, probably related to molybdate transport 32567 2464, 3736
motA 42.6 Motility flaJ; flagellar-regulon member; flagellar rotation 491 374, 375, 4064, 4101, 985
motB 42.5 Motility flaJ; flagellar-regulon member; flagellar rotation 490 373, 4064, 4101, 4183
mpl 96.0 meso-Diaminopimelate ligase UDP-N-acetylmuramate:L-alanyl-gamma -D-glutamyl-meso-diaminopimelate ligase; recycles cell wall peptidoglycan (EC 6.3.2.13) 46610 2894
mppA 30.0 Murein peptide permease Murein tripeptide (L-Ala-gamma -D-Glut-m-DAP) permease 53908 3352
mprA 60.5 Microcin peptide regulation emrR; controls level of microcin synthesis; negative regulation of EmrAB 33255 1006, 1007, 2622
mraA 2.0 Murein cluster a D-Alanine carboxypeptidase 489
mraY 2.1 Murein cluster a UDP-N-acetylmuramoyl-pentapeptide:undecaprenyl-PO4 phosphatase (EC 2.7.8.13) 30466 1894, 1895
mrcA 75.9 Murein cluster c ponA; penicillin-binding protein 1A 484 1930, 4337, 519
mrcB 3.6 Murein cluster c pbpF, ponB; peptidoglycan synthetase; penicillin-binding protein 1Bs 483 2166, 3096, 3097, 3601, 3714, 4307, 4337, 4346, 4957, 519
mrdA 14.3 Murein cluster d pbpA; penicillin-binding protein PBP 2, mecillinam resistance 18148 156, 157, 279, 4157, 4232, 4233, 4343, 4587, 545
mrdB 14.3 Murein cluster d rodA; affects cell shape; mecillinam sensitivity 18145 156, 157, 279, 2818, 4232, 4233
mreB 73.2 Murein cluster e; mecillinam resistance envB, mon, rodY; mecillinam resistance; cell shape, affects division versus elongation 31343 1062, 1968, 2624, 434, 4616, 4617, 4619, 4716
mreC 73.2 Mecillinam resistance Cell division and growth; mecillinam resistance; rod shape-determining protein 31348 4617, 4618
mreD 73.2 Mecillinam resistance Mecillinam resistance; rod shape-determining protein 31351 4617, 4618
mrp 47.2 Methionine-related protein Putative ATPase; in Salmonella, homolog is part of alternative pyrimidine pathway to Thi (apbC) 32572 3409, 930
mrr 98.8 Methyl-purine restriction Restriction of methylated adenine 18139 1700, 3603
msbA 20.8 Multicopy suppressor of htrB ABC transporter homology; biogenesis of outer membrane 31743 2139, 3474
msbB 41.8 Multicopy suppressor of htrB Role in outer membrane structure or function 32359 2138
mscL 74.1 Mechanosensitive channel Cytoplasmic membrane channel protein, opens large pore in response to mechanical stress 35417 400, 401, 4267, 4268, 4269
msrA 95.7 Methionine sulfoxide reductase pmsR; methionine sulfoxide reductase 34400 3018, 3585, 3586, 525
msyB 24.0 Multicopy suppressor of secY In multicopy restores growth and protein export functions of secY and secA mutants 34718 4504
mtgA 72.1 Monofunctional transglycolase Monofunctional biosynthetic peptidoglycan transglycosylase 54732 4159
mtlA 81.3 Mannitol mtlC (promoter/operator); mannitol-specific enzyme II of PTS 481 2018, 2459, 2468, 965
mtlD 81.3 Mannitol Mannitol-1-phosphate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.17) 479 2018, 2347, 965
mtlR 81.3 Mannitol Mannitol repressor 36774 1236
mtr 71.2 Methyltryptophan High-affinity Trp permease; TyR regulon 478 1689, 1764, 1688, 3864
mukB 21.0 Mukaku (anucleate) Required for chromosome partitioning; DNA binding; kinesin-like motor protein? 31516 1188, 1761, 1977, 3183, 1185, 3819, 4589
mul 83.1 Mutability lambda Mutability in UV-radiated lambda phage 477 4620
murA 71.8 Murein mrbA, murZ; UDP-N-acetylglucosamine enoylpyruvyl transferase (EC 2.5.1.7); phosphomycin resistance 33518 2773, 3548, 4571, 527
murB 89.9 Murein UDP-N-acetylglucosaminyl-3-enolpyruvate reductase (EC 1.1.1.158) 34141 308, 3548, 395
murC 2.2 Murein L-Alanine adding enzyme 476 1183, 1893, 2021, 2071, 2675, 2676
murD 2.1 Murein UDP-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine:D-glutamate ligase (EC 6.3.2.9) 30450 1894, 2889, 2890, 3533
murE 2.0 Murein meso-Diaminopimelate adding enzyme 475 1183, 2071, 2889, 2923, 4349
murF 2.0 Murein mra; D-alanyl:D-alanine adding enzyme 474 101, 1183, 2071, 2889, 3368
murG 2.1 Murein UDP-NAc-glucosamine: NAc-muramyl-(pentapeptide) pyrophosphoryl-undecaprenol NAc-glucosamine transferase 473 1893, 2071, 2889, 2895, 3820
murH 99.3 Murein Terminal stage in peptidoglycan synthesis, incorporating disaccharide peptide units into wall 18136 3204, 900
murI 89.7 Murein mbrC, dga, glr; glutamate racemase (EC 5.1.1.3); D-glutamate synthesis, essential for peptidoglycan 29401 1076, 1077, 1078, 212, 2584, 4900, 523
mutG 43.7 Mutator Mutation causes high C-to-T mutation in second C of CCAGG; near but distinct from vsr; provisionally termed mutG 28933 3766
mutH 64.0 Mutator mutR, prv; methyl-directed mismatch repair; see also dnaX 471 1222, 1484, 1485, 1706, 4052, 4488, 856
mutL 94.7 Mutator Methyl-directed mismatch repair 470 1088, 1222, 139, 1706, 4052, 4487, 4489, 4490, 856
mutM 82.1 Mutator fpg; repair; GC to TA; formamidopyrimidine-DNA glycosylase 18133 1221, 1489, 1706, 2434, 3717, 4052, 4128, 416, 417, 568, 599, 805, 856
mutS 61.5 Mutator ant? fdv (formate dehydrogenase 2?); methyl-directed mismatch repair 469 1222, 1706, 2587, 3615, 3853, 4052, 4488, 4802, 856
mutT 2.4 Mutator AT to GC transversions 468 1288, 1706, 2729, 338, 39, 4052, 856
mutY 66.8 Mutator micA; GC to TA transversions; adenine glycosylase, G-A repair 18130 1706, 2922, 3172, 3576, 4052, 856, 4476, 4477
nac 44.4 Nitrogen assimilation control Regulatory gene, binding ntrC 50182 3073
nadA 16.8 Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide Quinolinate synthetase, A protein 467 1257, 2819, 4246
nadB 58.4 Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide Quinolinate synthetase, B protein 466 1257, 3015, 4379, 3963
nadC 2.5 Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide nic; quinolinate phosphoribosyl transferase 465 1553, 1556, 1558, 2415, 2416, 3689
nadE 39.2 Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide efg, ntrL; NAD synthetase, ammonia dependent 28576 4752, 70
nagA 15.1 N-Acetylglucosamine N-acetylglucosamine-6-phosphate deacetylase (EC 3.5.1.25) 464 2491, 3402, 3454-3456, 4599, 4726
nagB 15.1 N-Acetylglucosamine glmD; glucosamine-6-phosphate deaminase (EC 5.3.1.10) 463 3402, 3454, 3455, 3456, 3464, 3709, 4601, 4726
nagC 15.1 N-Acetylglucosamine nagR; transcriptional regulator of nag operon 31479 3402, 3455, 3456, 3457, 4593, 3458
nagD 15.1 N-Acetylglucosamine Function unknown, expressed as part of nag operon 36240 3455
nagE 15.2 N-Acetylglucosamine pstN; N-acetylglucosamine-specific enzyme II of phosphotransferase system 462 2048, 2491, 3401, 3402, 3454, 3709, 4599, 4726, 4600
nalB 60.2 Nalidixic acid Sensitivity to nalidixic acid (NAL) 460 1626
nalD 89.2 Nalidixic acid NAL sensitivity; NAL and glycerol penetration 18124 1827
nanA 72.6 N-Acetylneuraminate N-Acetylneuraminate lyase (aldolase) (EC 4.1.3.3) 17647 2782, 3270, 4585
nanT 72.6 N-Acetylneuraminate Sialic acid transport 18121 2782, 4585
napA 49.5 NitrAte reductase, periplasmic Nitrate reductase homolog 36550 1537, 739, 740
napB 49.5 NitrAte reductase, periplasmic Cytochrome c homolog 36560 1537, 739, 740
napC 49.5 NitrAte reductase, periplasmic Cytochrome c homolog 36566 1537, 739, 740
napD 49.6 NitrAte reductase, periplasmic Unknown function, nap operon 36547 1537, 739, 740
napF 49.6 NitrAte reductase, periplasmic Ferredoxin homolog 36544 1537, 739, 740
napG 49.5 NitrAte reductase, periplasmic Ferredoxin homolog 36553 1537, 739, 740
napH 49.5 Nitrate reductase, periplasmic Ferredoxin homolog 36556 1537, 739, 740
narG 27.6 Nitrate reductase, nitrate regulation chlC, narC; nitrate reductase alpha -subunit (EC 1.7.99.4) 459 1118, 1595, 240, 2495, 2532, 2533, 2856, 3727, 391, 4125
narH 27.7 Nitrate reductase, nitrate regulation chlC; nitrate reductase beta -subunit 18118 1118, 1246, 1433, 240, 2495, 392, 4125
narI 27.7 Nitrate reductase, nitrate regulation chlI; cytochrome bNR, structural gene; gamma  subunit 458 1595, 2495, 3305, 3727, 4125, 4126, 4219, 425, 735
narJ 27.7 Nitrate reductase, nitrate regulation Nitrate reductase delta -subunit; chaperone 18115 1092, 2495, 2588, 3343, 392, 4125
narK 27.5 Nitrate reductase, nitrate regulation Nitrate/nitrite antiporter (probably) 18112 1017, 2495, 391, 4220
narL 27.5 Nitrate reductase, nitrate regulation frdR, narR; regulatory protein 18109 1122, 1569, 1954, 2096, 2097, 2495, 4008, 4215, 4220
narP 49.3 Nitrate reductase, nitrate regulation Regulatory protein 32598 3575, 4217
narQ 55.7 Nitrate reductase, nitrate regulation Nitrate sensor-transmitter protein, anaerobic respiratory path; function redundant with narX 36333 3574, 3575, 3935, 726-728
narU 33.2 Nitrate reductase, nitrate regulation Nitrate sensor-trasmitter protein, anaerobic respiratory path 52770 423
narV 33.1 Nitrate reductase, nitrate regulation Cryptic nitrate reductase II, gamma -subunit 32136 391, 393
narW 33.1 Nitrate reductase, nitrate regulation Cryptic nitrate reductase II, delta -subunit 32139 391, 393, 423
narX 27.5 Nitrate reductase, nitrate regulation frdR, narR; nitrate sensor-transmitter protein; functional redundance with narQ 18106 2096, 2097, 2495, 4215, 4220, 4746, 728
narY 33.1 Nitrate reductase, nitrate regulation Cryptic NR II, beta -subunit 32142 391, 393, 423
narZ 33.1 Nitrate reductase, nitrate regulation Cryptic NR II, alpha -subunit 18103 391, 393, 424
ndh 25.1 NADH dehydrogenase Respiratory NADH dehydrogenase 457 1497, 2888, 4901, 615
ndk 57.0 Nucleoside diphosphate kinase Nucleoside diphosphate kinase (EC 2.7.4.6) 32926 1615, 1616, 2649, 3985
neaB 75.0 Neamine Neamine sensitivity 456 630
nei 16.0 Endonuclease VIII DNA glycosylase/apurinic lyase, deoxyinosine-specific; endonuclease VIII 53314 1656, 2016, 2017, 2875, 3805
nemA 37.2 N-Ethylmaleimide N-Ethylmaleimide reductase 52714 2968
nfi 90.5 Endonuclease V Endonuclease V, specific for single-stranded DNA or duplex DNA with damaged U 45426 1018, 1571, 1572, 4874
nfnA 80.8 Nitrofurantoin Nitrofurantoin sensitivity 18100 3876
nfnB 13.0 Nitrofurantoin nfsI, nfsB; resistance to nitrofurantoin; a nitroreductase 18097 2832, 2917, 3876, 490, 4931, 4932
nfo 48.5 Endonuclease IV Endonuclease IV; member of soxRS regulon 14161 889
nfrA 12.7 N4 (phage) resistant Outer membrane protein, putative structural receptor for N4 adsorption 31154 2213, 2214
nfrB 12.7 N4 (phage) resistant Phage N4 susceptibility; membrane protein 31157 2213, 2214
nfrD 54.2 N4 (phage) resistant Phage N4 susceptibility 36113 2215
nfsA 21.9 Nitrofurazone sensitivity mdaA; nitrofuran reductase I activity B; overexpression results in resistance to cytotoxic drugs 454 688, 2832, 490, 4930
nhaA 0.4 Na+/H+ antiporter ant; Na+/H+ antiporter; stress response to high salinity and pH 15893 1081, 1410, 1440, 1909, 2142, 2143, 3272, 3329, 3330, 3583, 4326, 4393, 4577
nhaB 26.6 Na+/H+ antiporter Regulator of intracellular pH 30269 2182, 3272, 3329, 3330, 3438, 3439, 4393, 4577
nhaR 0.4 Na+/H+ antiporter Positive regulator of Na+-dependent transcription of nhaA; DNA-binding; LysR family of regulatory proteins 30281 3330, 3583, 641
nikA 77.8 Nickel hydC, hydD; affects formate hydrogen-lyase activity, hydrogenase, and hydrogenase-related fumarase 18226 1340, 3139, 4230, 4796, 4797, 4800
nikB 77.9 Nickel hydC, hydD; activity as nikA 33180 3139, 4796
nikC 77.9 Nickel hydC, hydD; activity as nikA 33183 3139, 4796
nikD 77.9 Nickel hydC, hydD; activity as nikA 33186 3139, 4796
nikE 77.9 Nickel hydD, lipP? formate hydrogen-lyase activity 18223 3139, 4796, 4797
nirB 75.3 Nitrite reductase Nitrite reductase [NAD(P)H] subunit (EC 1.6.6.4) 451 1647, 1973, 1998, 2693, 2694, 3386
nirC 75.3 Nitrite reductase Membrane protein affecting nitrite reductase [NAD(P)H] activity 452 1647, 3386
nirD 75.3 Nitrite reductase Nitrite reductase [NAD(P)H] subunit (EC 1.6.6.4) 35425 1647, 3386
nlpA 82.7 New lipoprotein Lipoprotein in outer membrane vesicles 35704 2022, 3563, 4833, 4906
nlpB 56.0 New lipoprotein Nonessential lipoprotein in outer membrane vesicles 33030 463
nlpC 38.6 New lipoprotein Lipoprotein 35802 4792a
nlpD 61.8 New lipoprotein May function in cell wall formation 33225 1879, 2414
nmpC 12.4 New membrane protein phmA; locus of defective phage qsr'; porin, outer membrane, not expressed in K-12 due to IS5 insertion 447 1751, 389, 390, 809
non 45.7 Nonmucoid Affects capsule formation 446 3577
npr 72.1 N-regulated protein ptsO; NPr, N-regulated HPr-like protein 43864 3517
nrdA 50.5 Nucleotide reductase dnaF; ribonucleoside diphosphate reductase subunit B1 (EC 1.17.4.1); class I enzyme, aerobic, physiologically active 445 1326, 3190, 3451, 4085, 4278, 4279, 4280, 4495, 4496, 4827, 640, 1242, 1243, 1487, 1628
nrdB 50.6 Nucleotide reductase ftsB; ribonucleoside diphosphate reductase subunit B2 (EC 1.17.4.1); class I enzyme, aerobic 444 1326, 2338, 3451, 4279, 4357, 4496, 4827, 640, 1242, 1243, 1487, 1628, 3822
nrdD 96.1 Nucleotide reductase Ribonucleotide reductase, class III, anaerobic 34589 4284
nrdE 60.3 Nucleotide reductase Nonessential ribonucleoside-diP reductase 2, subunit alpha , class I, function unknown 53512 2050, 2051
nrdF 60.3 Nucleotide reductase Nonessential ribonucleoside-diP reductase 2, subunit beta , class I, function unknown 53515 2050, 2051
nrdG 96.1 Nucleotide reductase NrdD activating enzyme, generating glycyl radical 54766 4283
nrfA 92.4 Nitrite reductase, formate-dependent aidC; formate-dependent nitrite reduction; tetraheme cytochrome c552; aidC mutation complemented by nrfG 34336 1868, 1921, 3334, 937, 11a, 4602
nrfB 92.4 Nitrite reductase, formate-dependent Formate-dependent nitrite reduction; pentaheme cytochrome c 34364 1868, 938
nrfC 92.4 Nitrite reductase, formate-dependent Formate-dependent nitrite reduction; nonheme FE-S protein, probably transmembrane 34352 1868, 938
nrfD 92.4 Nitrite reductase, formate-dependent Formate-dependent nitrite reduction; transmembrane protein similar to QOR 34355 1868, 938
nrfE 92.5 Nitrite reductase, formate-dependent Formate-dependent nitrite reduction; membrane protein 34358 1536, 1868, 938
nrfF 92.5 Nitrite reductase, formate-dependent Formate-dependent nitrite reduction; periplasmic protein; NrfA/B synthesis? 34361 1536, 1868, 938
nrfG 92.5 Nitrite reductase, formate-dependent aidC; function unknown, required for Nrf pathway; aidC mutation complemented by nrfG 34345 1536, 1868, 3334, 11a, 4602
nth 36.9 Endonuclease III DNA glycosylase/apyrimidinic (AP) lyase, specific for damaged pyrimidine sites, particularly Thy; endonuclease III 13070 1656, 202, 2434, 3717, 3805, 4701, 888
ntpA 42.0 Nucleoside triphosphatase dATP-preferring nucleoside tri-P pyrophosphohydrolase 46700 1950, 3254
nuoA 51.8 NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase NADH dehydrogenase I subunit (EC 1.6.99.-) 32679 1197, 4694, 4918, 616
nuoB 51.8 NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase NADH dehydrogenase I subunit (EC 1.6.99.-) 32676 1197, 4694, 4918, 616
nuoC 51.7 NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase NADH dehydrogenase I subunit (EC 1.6.99.-) 32673 1197, 4694, 616
nuoE 51.7 NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase NADH dehydrogenase I subunit (EC 1.6.99.-) 32667 4694, 616
nuoF 51.7 NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase NADH dehydrogenase I subunit (EC 1.6.99.-) 32664 1197, 3546, 4694, 616
nuoG 51.6 NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase NADH dehydrogenase I subunit (EC 1.6.99.-) 32661 1197, 3546, 4694, 616
nuoH 51.6 NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase NADH dehydrogenase I subunit (EC 1.6.99.-) 32658 1197, 3546, 4694, 616
nuoI 51.6 NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase NADH dehydrogenase I subunit (EC 1.6.99.-) 32655 1197, 3546, 4694, 616
nuoJ 51.6 NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase NADH dehydrogenase I subunit (EC 1.6.99.-) 32652 3546, 4694, 616
nuoK 51.6 NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase NADH dehydrogenase I subunit (EC 1.6.99.-) 32649 3546, 4694, 616
nuoL 51.5 NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase NADH dehydrogenase I subunit (EC 1.6.99.-) 32646 3117, 3546, 616
nuoM 51.5 NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase NADH dehydrogenase I subunit (EC 1.6.99.-) 32639 1197, 4694, 616
nuoN 51.5 NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase NADH dehydrogenase I subunit (EC 1.6.99.-) 29354 1197, 4694, 616
nupC 54.1 Nucleoside permease cru; transport of nucleosides, except guanosine 443 2303, 3046, 3047, 4944, 539, 586, 864
nupG 66.9 Nucleoside permease Transport of nucleosides 442 3046, 3047, 3172, 4715
nusA 71.4 N (lambda  protein) utilization substance Survives lambda prophage induction; transcription termination/antitermination L factor 441 1312, 1506, 1507, 1513, 1927, 1928, 2375, 2566, 3108, 3459, 3462, 4670, 4945, 939, 3804a
nusB 9.4 N (lambda  protein) utilization substance groNB, ssaD, ssyB; survives prophage induction; transcription termination L factor 440 1313, 1366, 1408, 1926, 3285, 3598, 4004, 4315, 4361, 4670, 851
nusG 90.0 N (lambda  protein) utilization substance Stabilizes lambda -N-NusA-RNAP antitermination complex 31308 2525, 2526, 2566, 4276, 576, 939
nuvA 9.4 Near UV (sensitivity) Uridine thiolation factor A activity 439 1210, 2573, 3606, 609
nuvC 44.1 Near UV (sensitivity) Uridine thiolation factor C activity 438 3781
ogrK 46.7 P2 ogr gene Positive regulator of P2 growth (insertion of P2 ogr gene) 53483 4100
ogt 30.1 O-methylguanine transferase O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase, constitutive 31984 1990, 2698, 2761, 3006, 3503, 3504, 3505, 3629, 7
ompA 21.9 Outer membrane protein con, tolG, tut; outer membrane protein 3a (II*;G;d) structural gene 437 1501, 1694, 267, 280, 3023, 3024, 3025, 493, 707, 795, 949, 986
ompC 49.8 Outer membrane protein meoA, par; outer membrane protein 1b (Ib, c) 436 2954, 2980, 2981, 3880, 4520, 4574, 4811
ompF 21.2 Outer membrane protein cmlB, coa, cry, tolF; outer membrane protein 1a (Ia;b;F) 435 1652, 1841, 1842, 1917, 1918, 258, 2740, 2954, 3075, 3077, 3225, 3550, 3637, 3738, 3880, 4375, 4433, 4492, 4574, 905
ompG 29.7 Outer membrane protein Novel porin; not shown in Fig. 1; see EcoMap10 (3763a) at 29.75 min 57349 2987, 1194a
ompR 76.2 Outer membrane protein cry, envZ, ompB; activator protein for osmoregulation of OmpC and OmpF 434 1374, 1610, 1611, 2110, 1167, 2978, 2979, 2983, 3129, 3946, 4374, 4491, 4584, 4681, 4807, 816, 4038
ompT 12.6 Outer membrane protein Outer membrane protein 2b; protease VII; cleaves T7 RNA polymerases, Ada, SecY 4984 1462, 1524, 1525, 1715, 2786, 3769, 4265
ompX 18.3 Outer membrane protein Outer membrane protein, with role in inducing RNAP-sigma E production 35913 2863
oppA 28.0 Oligopeptide permease Oligopeptide permease 18094 108, 1782, 2494, 3351, 4188
oppB 28.0 Oligopeptide permease Oligopeptide transport 18091 108, 1782, 2494
oppC 28.1 Oligopeptide permease Oligopeptide transport 18088 108, 1782
oppD 28.1 Oligopeptide permease Oligopeptide transport 18085 108, 1782
oppE 98.9 Oligopeptide permease Oligopeptide transport 18082 108
oppF 28.1 Oligopeptide permease Oligopeptide transport; ATP hydrolysis 35799 1344
opr 19.0 rpo reversed Rate of degradation of aberrant RNAP-subunit proteins 18079 3983
ops 66.1 Overproduction of polysaccharide Level of exopolysaccharide production 18076 4963
oraA 60.8 orf-recA Putative RecX regulatory protein 33246 4914
ordL 29.4 Oxidoreductase Putative oxidoreductase 51940 2066
oriC 84.6 Origin of replication poh; origin of DNA replication 431 148, 1633, 1769, 2075, 2084, 2275, 253, 2635, 2711, 2805, 2905, 2985, 3273, 3275, 3276, 3981, 4131, 4255, 4322, 452, 4610, 4611, 4635, 556, 628
oriJ 30.5 Origin of replication Locus in defective prophage rac 430 1037, 1038, 2086
orn 94.6 Oligoribonuclease 3' to 5' oligoribonuclease 54868 4942
osmB 28.9 Osmotically inducible OsmB lipoprotein 31965 1054, 2072, 2073
osmC 33.5 Osmotically inducible Nonessential gene 32184 1460, 1584
osmE 39.2 Osmotically inducible anr; promoter overlaps nadE promoter; regulated by growth phase as well as osmotic pressure 36628 1585, 828
osmY 99.3 Osmotically inducible csi-5; periplasmic, sigma S dependent protein (stationary phase) 34640 1054, 2412, 4883, 4884
otsA 42.6 Osmoregulated trehalose synthesis Trehalose phosphate synthase (EC 2.4.1.15) 18073 1419, 2077
otsB 42.7 Osmoregulated trehalose synthesis Trehalose phosphate phosphatase (EC 3.1.3.12) 18070 1419, 2077
oxyR 89.6 Oxygen mor, momR; bifunctional regulatory protein sensor for oxidative stress 28841 1455, 1712, 2358, 2359, 4242, 4951, 4356
oxyS 89.6 Oxygen Regulatory RNA; activator for genes that detoxify oxidative damage; small RNA 28844 77
pabA 75.2 para-Aminobenzoate Sulfonamide resistance; p-aminobenzoate biosynthesis 429 2130, 4593, 535, 4450
pabB 40.8 para-Aminobenzoate Sulfonamide resistance; p-aminobenzoate biosynthesis 428 1454, 3624, 4593, 535
pabC 24.8 para-Aminobenzoate Sulfonamide resistance; aminodeoxychorismate lyase 31889 1499, 1500
pac 31.0 Phenylacetate Phenylacetate degradation 18067 831
pal 16.8 Peptidoglycan-associated lipoprotein excC; essential lipoprotein associated with peptidoglycan 35129 1270, 2448, 2450, 4581, 705
panB 3.2 Pantothenate Ketopantoate hydroxymethyltransferase (EC 4.1.2.12) 427 2037, 2903, 871
panC 3.2 Pantothenate Pantothenate synthetase (EC 6.3.2.1) 426 2903, 871
panD 3.2 Pantothenate Aspartate 1-decarboxylase (EC 4.1.1.11) 425 2903, 871
panF 73.4 Pantothenate Pantothenate permease (symporter) 10818 1971, 4537, 4565
parC 68.2 Partition Cell partitioning; topoisomerase IV subunit A 33440 1699, 2163, 2164, 2165, 2211, 2360, 3397, 3398, 4923, 695, 4213
parE 68.4 Partition nfxD; topoisomerase IV subunit B 33451 2163, 2165, 2211, 2511, 3397, 3398, 491, 4923
pat 89.1 Putrescine aminotransferase Putrescine aminotransferase 18064 3984
pbpG 47.9 Penicillin-binding protein Penicillin-binding protein 7 (PBP7) 36349 1714
pck 76.1 PEP carboxykinase Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (ATP); (EC 4.1.1.49) 422 1444, 1445, 1446, 2864
pcm 61.8 Protein carboxyl methyltransferase L-Isoaspartyl protein carboxyl methyltransferase (EC 2.1.1.77); repair of isoaspartyl residues 33221 1325, 2524, 4591
pcnB 3.4 Plasmid copy number Replication and cell division; poly(A) polymerase I; controls plasmid copy number 13584 2583, 2631, 2572, 2790, 2791, 3625, 631, 632, 1682
pdhR 2.6 Pyruvate-dehydrogenase Pyruvate-dehydrogenase repressor 30488 1674, 3567, 655
pdxA 1.1 Pyridoxine Isoniazid resistance; pyridoxine biosynthesis 420 1020, 105, 106
pdxB 52.5 Pyridoxine Isoniazid resistance; erythronate-4-phosphate dehydrogenase? pyridoxine biosynthesis 419 1020, 143, 144, 3930
pdxH 37.0 Pyridoxine Isoniazid resistance; pyridoxine-phosphate oxidase 417 1020, 1526, 1529, 2398, 4034
pdxJ 58.2 Pyridoxine Codon overlap with recO; complex operon 416 2397, 4340
pdxK 54.6 Pyridoxine Vitamin B6 kinase 51757 4866
pdxL 46.6 Pyridoxine Pyridoxine kinase 50836 2977
pdxY 37 Pyridoxine Pyridoxal kinase 53757 4867
pepA 96.6 Peptidase xerB, carP; amino-exopeptidase A 30215 2842, 3732, 4226, 4227, 684
pepD 5.5 Peptidase Peptidase D, a dipeptidase 415 1698, 1722, 2254, 2938, 3384, 724
pepE 91.1 Peptidase  alpha -Aspartyl dipeptidase (EC 3.4.11.-) 34261 822
pepN 21.3 Peptidase Aminopeptidase N 414 1233, 1269, 213, 214, 215, 2431, 2833, 2834, 2835, 3384
pepP 65.8 Peptidase Proline aminopeptidase II 28682 4897a, 3100
pepQ 86.8 Peptidase Proline dipeptidase (EC 3.4.13.9) 34071 3098, 926
pepT 25.5 Peptidase Putative peptidase T 31914 2617
pfkA 88.5 Phosphofructokinase 6-Phosphofructokinase I (EC 2.7.1.11) 413 1710, 3706, 907
pfkB 38.9 Phosphofructokinase Suppresses pfkA mutations; phosphofructokinase, Pfk-2 412 817, 908, 909
pflA 20.5 Pyruvate formate-lyase act; pyruvate formate lyase I activase 35839 1085, 3699
pflB 20.5 Pyruvate formate-lyase Pyruvate formate lyase I; induced anaerobically 410 3389, 3699, 3884, 3885, 3886
pflC 89.3 Pyruvate formate-lyase Pyruvate formate lyase II activase 35847 395, 396
pflD 89.3 Pyruvate formate-lyase Pyruvate formate lyase II 35843 395, 396
pfs 3.8 PNP similarity 5'-Methylthioadenosine/S-adenosylhomocysteine nucleosidase 54950 834
pgi 91.2 Phosphoglucose isomerase Glucosephosphate isomerase (EC 5.3.1.9) 409 1311, 1319, 3706, 4678
pgk 66.2 Phosphoglycerate kinase Phosphoglycerate kinase (EC 2.7.2.3) 408 3148
pgl 17.2 Phosphogluconolactonase blu; 6-phosphogluconolactonase (EC 3.1.1.31) 407 3706
pgm 15.4 Phophoglucomutase blu; phosphoglucomutase (EC 5.4.4.2) 406 2647, 3706
pgpA 9.5 Phosphatidylglycerophosphate phosphatase Phosphatidylglycerophosphate phosphatase, membrane bound, nonessential 17644 1338, 1882, 1885
pgpB 28.8 Phosphatidylglycerophosphate phosphatase Phosphatidylglycerophosphate phosphatase, membrane bound, nonessential 17641 1051, 1338, 1883, 1885
pgsA 42.9 Phosphotidylglycerophosphate synthase Phosphatidylglycerophosphate synthetase (EC 2.7.8.5) 405 1459, 3266, 4493, 4518
pheA 59.0 Phenylalanine Chorismate mutase-P-prephenate dehydratase (EC 5.4.99.5, EC 4.2.1.51) FPA resistance 403 1386, 1388, 1389, 1479, 1480, 1847
pheP 13.0 Phenylalanine Phenylalanine-specific permease 402 3422, 4720
pheS 38.7 Phenylalanine phe-act; phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase alpha -subunit (EC 6.1.1.20) 400 1148, 1201, 1213, 2132, 2860, 2862, 3460, 3461, 3463, 4168, 4169, 4171, 4801
pheT 38.7 Phenylalanine Phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase beta -subunit (EC 6.1.1.20) 399 1148, 1213, 2860, 2862, 3460, 3461, 3463, 4168, 4169, 4801
pheU 94.0 Phenylalanine pheR, pheW; phenylalanine tRNA 18061 1345, 1387, 1388, 2313, 3938, 4755, 603, 3442
pheV 67.0 Phenylalanine Phenylalanine tRNA 18058 2313, 4755, 602, 604, 3442
phnC 93.2 Phosphonate Phosphonate transporter subunit I (cryptic in K-12); member Pho regulon 34553 2737, 2906, 2908, 4669, 694
phnD 93.1 Phosphonate psiD; phosphonate transporter subunit, periplasmic (cryptic in K-12) 17638 2737, 2906, 2907, 2908, 2909, 4621, 4665, 4669, 694
phnE 93.1 Phosphonate Phosphonate transporter subunit, integral membrane component (cryptic in K-12) 34550 2737, 2906, 2908, 4669, 694
phnF 93.1 Phosphonate Phosphonate utilization (cryptic in K-12); putative regulatory gene, member of pho regulon 34547 2737, 2906, 2908, 4669, 694
phnG 93.1 Phosphonate Carbon-phosphorus lyase complex subunit (phosphonate utilization cryptic in K-12) 34544 2737, 2906, 2908, 4669, 694
phnH 93.1 Phosphonate Carbon-phosphorus lyase complex subunit (phosphonate utilization cryptic in K-12) 34541 2737, 2906, 2908, 4669, 694
phnI 93.1 Phosphonate Carbon-phosphorus lyase complex subunit (phosphonate utilization cryptic in K-12) 34538 2737, 2906, 2908, 4669, 694
phnJ 93.0 Phosphonate Carbon-phosphorus lyase complex subunit (phosphonate utilization cryptic in K-12) 34535 2737, 2906, 2908, 4669, 694
phnK 93.0 Phosphonate Carbon-phosphorus lyase complex subunit (phosphonate utilization cryptic in K-12) 34532 2737, 2906, 2908, 4669, 694
phnL 93.0 Phosphonate Carbon-phosphorus lyase complex subunit (phosphonate utilization cryptic in K-12) 34529 2737, 2906, 2908, 4669, 694
phnM 93.0 Phosphonate Carbon-phosphorus lyase complex subunit (phosphonate utilization cryptic in K-12) 34526 2737, 2906, 2908, 4669, 694
phnN 93.0 Phosphonate Carbon-phosphorus lyase complex subunit (phosphonate utilization cryptic in K-12) 34523 2737, 2906, 2908, 4669, 694
phnO 93.0 Phosphonate Probably regulatory for C-P lyase complex (phosphonate utilization cryptic in K-12) 34520 2737, 2906, 2908, 4669, 694
phnP 92.9 Phosphonate Carbon-phosphorus lyase complex membrane-bound subunit (utilization cryptic in K-12) 34514 2737, 2906, 2908, 4669, 694
phoA 8.6 Phosphate Alkaline phosphatase (EC 3.1.3.1) 398 1303, 1597, 1740, 1919, 1920, 2105, 2218, 319, 3866, 3867, 4050, 415, 4443, 4667, 4668, 475, 4816, 674
phoB 9.0 Phosphate phoRc, phoT; positive response regulator for pho regulon, two-component system 397 1597, 2230, 2732, 2734, 2735, 4040, 415, 4426, 4430, 4661, 4663, 4667, 4668
phoE 5.6 Phosphate ompE; outer membrane porin protein E 396 1676, 1722, 3221, 3319, 4426, 4429, 4432, 4433, 4553
phoH 23.4 Phosphate psiH; member of pho regulon, P starvation induced 31841 2231, 2320, 2909, 4661
phoP 25.6 Phosphate In Salmonella, a sensor in the two-component regulatory system, with phoQ 31919 1530, 2146
phoQ 25.6 Phosphate In Salmonella two-component regulatory system with phoP 31922 2146
phoR 9.0 Phosphate nmpB, phoR1, R1pho; positive and negative regulatory gene for pho regulon; sensor of two-component system for pho regulon 394 1112, 2734, 2736, 4040, 4427, 4430, 4661, 4663, 4667, 4753
phoU 84.2 Phosphate phoT; P uptake, high-affinity P-specific transport system, regulatory gene 18055 3121, 4196, 4295, 79, 80
phrB 15.9 Photoreactivation Deoxyribodipyrimidine photolyase (EC 4.1.99.3) 391 1073, 1826, 1866, 2632, 2683, 3327, 3841, 3842
phxB 17.0 Phage phi X Adsorption of phi X154 389 3049
pin 26.1 Prophage-derived inversion Locus in defective prophage e14; calcium-binding protein required for initiation of replication 18049 1159, 2168, 3447, 3448, 4544
pioO 74.4 Protein, initiation? pinO; calcium-binding protein, may have a role in initiation of replication 53557 1586, 1587
pit 78.4 Pi transport Low-affinity Pi transport 385 1149, 1150, 300, 4156
pldA 86.3 Phospholipase, detergent resistant Detergent-resistant phospholipase A activity 384 1648, 1791, 1792, 2277, 4606, 513, 58, 926, 973, 974
pldB 86.4 Phospholipase, detergent resistant Lysophospholipase L2 5001 1792, 2277, 2278, 58, 926
plsB 91.6 Phospholipid synthesis Glycerolphosphate acyltransferase activity 382 2544, 2545
plsC 68.1 Phospholipid synthesis 1-Acyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase (EC 2.3.1.51); affects partitioning 33443 802, 803
plsX 24.7 Phospholipid synthesis Glycerol P auxotrophy in plsB background 18046 2425
pmbA 96.0 Peptide MccB17 mcb, tldE; antibiotic peptide MccB17 34577 2619, 3061, 3703
pncA 39.9 Pyridine nucleotide cycle nam; nicotinamide deamidase (EC 3.5.1.19) 381 1321, 2487, 3347
pncB 21.3 Pyridine nucleotide cycle Nicotinate phosphoribosyltransferase (EC 2.4.2.11) 380 2487
pnp 71.3 Polynucleotide phosphorylase Polynucleotide phosphorylase (EC 2.7.7.8) 379 1182, 1787, 2854, 290, 3492, 3493, 3494, 3638, 3639, 4333, 868, 869, 4940
pntA 36.1 Pyridine nucleotide transhydrogenase Pyridine nucleotide transhydrogenase alpha  subunit (EC 1.6.1.1) 18043 771, 772
pntB 36.1 Pyridine nucleotide transhydrogenase Pyridine nucleotide transhydrogenase beta  subunit (EC 1.6.1.1) 18040 1436, 771, 772
pnuC 16.9 Putative NMN uptake Nicotinamide mononucleotide transporter, putative, by homology with Salmonella 53409 1280, 4954
poaR 65.9 Proline oxidase Regulation of proline oxidase production 377 819a
polA 87.2 Polymerase resA; DNA polymerase I (EC 2.7.7.7) 375 2068, 2189, 2190, 3072, 4869, 4941, 4966
polB 1.4 Polymerase dinA; DNA polymerase II (EC 2.7.7.7) 374 1174, 1967, 2519, 3385, 4039, 426, 698, 699
popD 0.2 Porphyrin 5-Aminolevulinate dehydratase (EC 4.2.1.24) 371 2839, 3518
potA 25.5 Putrescine-ornithine transporter ATP-binding membrane protein; putrescine/spermidine-ornithine transporter 31899 1339, 2148, 2150, 2617
potB 25.5 Putrescine-ornithine transporter Membrane protein, channel-forming, for spermidine uptake 31902 1339, 2150, 2617
potC 25.5 Putrescine-ornithine transporter Membrane protein, channel-forming, for spermidine uptake 31905 1339, 2150, 2617
potD 25.5 Putrescine-ornithine transporter Spermidine-binding membrane protein 31908 1339, 2150, 2617
potE 15.4 Putrescine-ornithine transporter Putrescine-lyase antiporter 31552 2149, 2151, 2152
potF 19.2 Putrescine-ornithine transporter Apparent periplasmic putrescine-specific binding protein 31694 3440
potG 19.3 Putrescine-ornithine transporter Apparent nucleotide-binding subunit of putrescine-ornithine transporter 31697 3440
potH 19.3 Putrescine-ornithine transporter Transmembrane-spanning subunit 31700 3440
potI 19.3 Putrescine-ornithine transporter Apparent transmembrane-spanning subunit 31703 3440
poxA 94.5 Pyruvate oxidase Regulator of poxB 370 679
poxB 19.6 Pyruvate oxidase Pyruvate oxidase (EC 1.2.2.2) 369 1482, 1483, 678, 680, 681
ppa 95.8 Pyrophosphatase Inorganic pyrophosphatase (EC 3.6.1.1) 34394 2389, 2390, 700
ppc 89.4 PEP carboxylase asp, glu; phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (EC 4.1.1.31) 368 1332, 3000, 3786
pphA 41.4 Phosphoprotein phosphatase Phosphoprotein phosphatase involved in signalling protein misfolding; heat shock regulon 54632 2966
pphB 61.5 Phosphoprotein phosphatase As above; heat shock regulon 54636 2966
ppiA 75.2 Peptidylprolyl isomerase rot, a rotomase; peptidylprolyl-cis-trans-isomerase A 31121 1670, 2252, 2579, 3214
ppiB 11.9 Peptidylprolyl isomerase A rotomase; peptidylprolyl-cis-trans-isomerase B 31117 1670
ppiC 85.3 Peptidylprolyl isomerase parvA; peptidylprolyl-cis-trans isomerase C 35829 3764
ppk 56.5 Polyphosphate kinase Polyphosphate (linear Pi linked by high-energy bonds) kinase 32894 2323, 37, 873
pps 38.4 PEP synthase ppsA; phosphoenolpyruvate synthase 367 3181
ppx 56.5 Exopolyphosphatase