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Review

The Race between Host Antiviral Innate Immunity and the Immune Evasion Strategies of Herpes Simplex Virus 1

Huifang Zhu, Chunfu Zheng
Huifang Zhu
aDepartment of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
bNeonatal/Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Children's Medical Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
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Chunfu Zheng
aDepartment of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
cDepartment of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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DOI: 10.1128/MMBR.00099-20
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SUMMARY

Herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) is very successful in establishing acute and latent infections in humans by counteracting host antiviral innate immune responses. HSV-1 has evolved various strategies to evade host antiviral innate immunity and some cellular survival-associated pathways. Since there is still no vaccine available for HSV-1, a continuous update of information regarding the interaction between HSV-1 infection and the host antiviral innate immunity will provide novel insights to develop new therapeutic strategies for HSV-1 infection and its associated diseases. Here, we update recent studies about how HSV-1 evades the host antiviral innate immunity, specifically how HSV-1 proteins directly or indirectly target the adaptors in the antiviral innate immunity signaling pathways to downregulate the signal transduction. Additionally, some classical intracellular stress responses, which also play important roles in defense of viral invasion, will be discussed here. With a comprehensive review of evasion mechanisms of antiviral innate immunity by HSV-1, we will be able to develop potential new targets for therapies and a possible vaccine against HSV-1 infections.

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The Race between Host Antiviral Innate Immunity and the Immune Evasion Strategies of Herpes Simplex Virus 1
Huifang Zhu, Chunfu Zheng
Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews Sep 2020, 84 (4) e00099-20; DOI: 10.1128/MMBR.00099-20

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The Race between Host Antiviral Innate Immunity and the Immune Evasion Strategies of Herpes Simplex Virus 1
Huifang Zhu, Chunfu Zheng
Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews Sep 2020, 84 (4) e00099-20; DOI: 10.1128/MMBR.00099-20
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  • Top
  • Article
    • SUMMARY
    • INTRODUCTION
    • HSV-1 EVADES PATHOGEN RECOGNITION RECEPTOR-MEDIATED ANTIVIRAL INNATE IMMUNITY
    • HSV-1 EVADES DDR, ER STRESS, AUTOPHAGY, STRESS GRANULES, AND APOPTOSIS/NECROSIS
    • CONCLUDING REMARKS
    • ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
    • REFERENCES
    • Author Bios
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KEYWORDS

DDR
NLR
RIG-I/MDA5
TLR
antiviral immunity
apoptosis
cGAS-STING
herpes simplex virus
immune evasion

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