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ReviewPharmacologically Aware Phage Therapy: Pharmacodynamic and Pharmacokinetic Obstacles to Phage Antibacterial Action in Animal and Human BodiesThe use of viruses infecting bacteria (bacteriophages or phages) to treat bacterial infections has been ongoing clinically for approximately 100 years. Despite that long history, the growing international crisis of resistance to standard antibiotics, abundant anecdotal evidence of efficacy, and one successful modern clinical trial of efficacy, this phage therapy is not yet a mainstream approach in medicine.
ReviewRegulation of Amino Acid Transport in Saccharomyces cerevisiaeWe review the mechanisms responsible for amino acid homeostasis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and other fungi. Amino acid homeostasis is essential for cell growth and survival. Hence, the de novo synthesis reactions, metabolic conversions, and transport of amino acids are tightly regulated.
ReviewPersistence and Decay of Fecal Microbiota in Aquatic HabitatsFecal microorganisms can enter water bodies in diverse ways, including runoff, sewage discharge, and direct fecal deposition. Once in water, the microorganisms experience conditions that are very different from intestinal habitats. The transition from host to aquatic environment may lead to rapid inactivation, some degree of persistence, or growth. Microorganisms may remain planktonic, be deposited in sediment, wash up on beaches, or...
ReviewEnergy Conservation and Hydrogenase Function in Methanogenic Archaea, in Particular the Genus MethanosarcinaThe biological production of methane is vital to the global carbon cycle and accounts for ca. 74% of total methane emissions. The organisms that facilitate this process, methanogenic archaea, belong to a large and phylogenetically diverse group that thrives in a wide range of anaerobic environments. Two main subgroups exist within methanogenic archaea: those with and those without cytochromes.
ReviewCross Talk between SigB and PrfA in Listeria monocytogenes Facilitates Transitions between Extra- and Intracellular EnvironmentsThe foodborne pathogen Listeria monocytogenes can modulate its transcriptome and proteome to ensure its survival during transmission through vastly differing environmental conditions.
ReviewPasteurella multocida: Genotypes and GenomicsPasteurella multocida is a highly versatile pathogen capable of causing infections in a wide range of domestic and wild animals as well as in humans and nonhuman primates. Despite over 135 years of research, the molecular basis for the myriad manifestations of P. multocida pathogenesis and the...
ReviewHost Cytoskeleton Remodeling throughout the Blood Stages of Plasmodium falciparum...The asexual intraerythrocytic development of Plasmodium falciparum, causing the most severe form of human malaria, is marked by extensive host cell remodeling. Throughout the processes of invasion, intracellular development, and egress, the erythrocyte membrane skeleton is remodeled by the parasite as required for each specific developmental stage.
ReviewPhysiology and Distribution of Archaeal Methanotrophs That Couple Anaerobic Oxidation of Methane with Sulfate Reduction...In marine anaerobic environments, methane is oxidized where sulfate-rich seawater meets biogenic or thermogenic methane. In those niches, a few phylogenetically distinct microbial types, i.e., anaerobic methanotrophs (ANME), are able to grow through anaerobic oxidation of methane (AOM). Due to the relevance of methane in the global carbon cycle, ANME have drawn the attention of a broad scientific community for 4 decades.
ReviewDoes Gender Bias Still Affect Women in Science?The percentage of women employed in professional scientific positions has been low but is increasing over time. The U.S. National Institutes of Health and the National Science Foundation have both implemented programs to improve women’s participation in science, and many universities and companies have diversity and equity programs.
